Mining Incidents

Trace Fork Surface Mine: 178 MSHA citations Coal

Holden, Logan County, WV  ·  Abandoned
MSHA Mine ID: 4608789

Trace Fork Surface Mine has $60K in proposed MSHA penalties and $14K outstanding across 8 contested dockets, plus health sampling and the full incident record.

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Fatalities
0
Total incidents
16
Years on record
2001–2015
Latest incident
Aug 2015
Compliance record
MSHA citations since 2001
178
citations
128
significant & substantial
$60,305
proposed penalties
$43,396
paid to date
72% of proposed penalties paid to date, a $16,909 gap.
Source: MSHA violations data, updated weekly.
Inspection activity
MSHA inspections since 2000
58
inspections on record
2,114
inspection hours
8.4
citations per 100 inspection hours
This rate is recorded citations divided by MSHA inspection hours, per 100 hours. It reflects inspection effort, not mine size or production.
178 citations across 2,114 inspection hours.
Source: MSHA inspections data, updated weekly.

Trace Fork Surface Mine has $60K in proposed MSHA penalties and $14K outstanding across 8 contested dockets.

Penalty disposition
Differences between proposed and paid penalties reflect both settlements and conference reductions and amounts still owed. Outstanding is the balance currently owed.
$60K
proposed penalties
$57K
current assessed
$43K
paid to date
$14K
outstanding
174 assessments are final orders; 8 contested dockets.
Of $18K in penalties contested before the Commission, $14K was upheld in final decisions.
As of the most recent assessment on 2017-01-10.
Source: MSHA assessed-violations and conference/litigation data, updated weekly.
Violation severity profile
Shares are computed over citations that carry the MSHA gravity and negligence coding; a small share of records are uncoded.
73.1%
significant & substantial
1.1%
high negligence or reckless
73.1%
reasonably likely or greater
67.4%
permanently disabling or fatal if injury occurs
Negligence coding: 0.0% none, 40.6% low, 58.3% moderate, 1.1% high, 0.0% reckless.
Source: MSHA violations gravity and negligence coding, updated weekly.
When citations were contested
Contesting a citation before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission is a lawful right. These figures state the public outcomes of that process, from MSHA's Contested Violations file.
27 citations taken to the federal commission · 15% of citations on record
  • Settled 11 · 41%
  • Stood as issued 15 · 56%
  • Vacated or withdrawn 1 · 4%
81%
S&S designation survived the contest
Counts a Significant & Substantial citation as surviving when a settlement or judge's decision kept the designation, or the contest was dismissed or defaulted so the citation stands as issued. Vacated and withdrawn citations, and settlements that removed the designation, count against.
of 27 decided S&S contests · industry: 79%
18%
Penalty reduction in decided contests
$18K proposed, $14K after decisions · industry: 39%
Source: MSHA Contested Violations file (public record), updated weekly. A dismissed or defaulted contest leaves the citation standing as issued; a vacated or withdrawn citation is removed from the violation record. Latest contest filed 2015-01-07.
Contested penalties
A reduction or dismissal at the Commission is a lawful outcome of contesting a proposed penalty. Figures are the proposed amount and the amount upheld in the docket's decision.
Largest penalties this mine contested before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, with the outcome on record.
Docket Decision Judge Year Proposed / upheld
WEVA 2010-572 Dismissal Lesnick 2012 $7K → $7K
WEVA 2011-2518 Dismissal Lesnick 2012 $3K → $3K
WEVA 2015-0306 Settlement Bulluck 2015 $2K → $2K
WEVA 2008-797 Settlement Feldman 2009 $2K → $1K
WEVA 2008-796 Settlement Feldman 2009 $1K → $285
WEVA 2014-0556 Settlement Bulluck 2015 $1K → $889
Source: FMSHRC civil penalty dockets and decisions (public record), updated weekly.

MSHA sampling at Trace Fork Surface Mine shows 100% of 126 respirable coal dust samples met the 1.5 mg/m3 standard.

Health sampling
A sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.

Respirable coal dust
Respirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.

Last sampled: 2017-01-10, 9 years ago
100%
within 1.5 mg/m3
126
samples
1.00
dust max (mg/m3)
0
over MSHA ECV
The excessive concentration value (ECV) is MSHA's own per-sample enforcement threshold, which builds in measurement uncertainty; a sample over its ECV can trigger a citation. The count covers only samples MSHA assigned an ECV.
114 samples taken by MSHA inspectors, 12 by the operator.
Most-sampled occupations
  • BULLDOZER OPERATOR36
  • REFUSE TRUCK DRIVER/BACKFILL TRUCK DRIVE28
  • HIGHLIFT OPERATOR/FRONT END LOADER27

Silica (quartz)

Last sampled: 2014-11-05, 11 years ago
29.8
silica avg (%)
1
samples
29.8
silica max (%)
Most-sampled occupations
  • HIGHWALL DRILL OPERATOR1

Noise
The share counts noise samples whose measured dose exceeded the 90 dBA permissible exposure limit. It describes the sampled workplace, not what reached the miner's ear: hearing conservation programs and the hearing protection worn during the shift are recorded separately and are not reflected here.

Last sampled: 2014-10-23, 11 years ago
2%
over PEL
56
samples
Most-sampled occupations
  • BULLDOZER OPERATOR14
  • HIGHLIFT OPERATOR/FRONT END LOADER14
  • REFUSE TRUCK DRIVER/BACKFILL TRUCK DRIVE11
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly.
Health sampling trend
A sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.
Respirable coal dust by year
Respirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.
Year within 1.5 mg/m3 samples
2017 100% 3
2016 100% 17
2015 100% 9
2014 100% 13
2013 100% 10
2010 100% 5
2009 100% 9
2008 100% 5
2007 100% 5
2005 100% 10
2004 100% 10
2003 100% 5
2002 100% 10
2001 100% 15
Noise by year
Year over PEL samples
2014 0% 11
2013 0% 5
2010 0% 5
2007 0% 5
2005 0% 10
2004 10% 10
2003 0% 5
2001 0% 5
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly.

Trace Fork Surface Mine recorded 0.00 reportable injury cases per 100 full-time workers in 2014.

Injury rate, 2014
This rate is reportable injury cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers per year, computed as 200,000 times cases divided by MSHA operator-reported employee-hours. Cases are injuries MSHA graded degree 01 through 07; accident-only events that hurt no one are excluded, and so are contractor injuries, whose hours do not attach to a single mine. Rates begin in 2000, when quarterly employment reporting starts, and are withheld below 20,000 hours in a year.
0.00
total case rate
0.00
days-away rate
0.000
fatality rate
Below average. The US coal mining average was 3.96 and the all-US-mining average was 2.93 cases per 100 workers.
In West Virginia, coal mining averaged 5.02 cases per 100 workers that year.
Under 100,000 employee-hours were reported that year, so a single case moves the rate by two or more. Read the figure as approximate.
Year total case rate days-away fatal
2014 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2013 * 8.36 0.00 0.000
2010 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2009 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2008 * 2.40 0.00 0.000
2006 1.47 0.00 0.000
2005 0.00 0.00 0.000
2004 1.73 0.00 0.000
* Fewer than 100,000 employee-hours that year; the rate is less stable.
Source: injury cases from MSHA accident and injury records; employee-hours from MSHA quarterly employment reports. Rate is cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers, operator employees only.
Ownership history
  1. Alex Energy Inc 1999 to 2013
  2. Highland Mining Company 2014 to present
Source: MSHA controller and operator history, updated weekly.
Workforce and production
Coal production is reported quarterly and lags the current period; the most recent quarters may be incomplete.
Year Employees Coal produced (tons)
2017 2
2016 7
2015 7 31,487
2014 18 166,562
2013 13 86,058
2012 0
2011 3
2010 8
2009 29 262,573
2008 32 255,957
2007 9 43,256
2006 50 584,901
2005 46 633,600
2004 41 706,858
2003 69 1,021,020
2002 50 907,068
2001 39 924,192
2000 7 34,878
Source: MSHA quarterly employment and production, updated weekly.

Trace Fork Surface Mine sits in Logan County, West Virginia, where the Census mining category is 6.6% of county employment.

Local economic context
County figures come from the US Census Bureau's American Community Survey, 5-year pooled estimates, so the 2023 vintage covers 2019 through 2023. The Census category is 'mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction', which is broader than MSHA jurisdiction and includes oil and gas workers no mine employs. These figures describe the surrounding county, not this mine, and are not a factor in any specific incident.
Logan County, West Virginia · Population 31,826
6.6%
Mining share of county employment
$47,237
Median household income
Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2023 5-year estimates.
Quarterly safety rates
Citations per million reported employee-hours. Rates begin in 2000, when MSHA's quarterly employment data starts; earlier incidents are counted but cannot be rate-adjusted. Quarters under 100,000 reported hours are greyed: too few hours for a stable rate.
Citations per million employee-hours, as reported to MSHA
Quarter Hours worked Citations S&S Per 1M hrs
2017 Q2 0 0 0
2017 Q1 1,477 1 0 677.0
2016 Q4 1,745 2 0 1146.1
2016 Q3 3,865 1 0 258.7
2016 Q2 4,136 0 0 0.0
2016 Q1 3,611 1 1 276.9
2015 Q4 3,718 0 0 0.0
2015 Q3 6,515 4 0 614.0
Show 62 earlier quarters
Quarter Hours worked Citations S&S Per 1M hrs
2015 Q2 3,503 0 0 0.0
2015 Q1 2,088 0 0 0.0
2014 Q4 9,388 5 4 532.6
2014 Q3 11,255 0 0 0.0
2014 Q2 11,562 5 2 432.5
2014 Q1 15,054 0 0 0.0
2013 Q4 9,341 8 3 856.4
2013 Q3 11,176 1 0 89.5
2013 Q2 3,416 1 0 292.7
2013 Q1 0 0 0
2012 Q4 0 0 0
2012 Q3 0 0 0
2012 Q2 0 0 0
2012 Q1 0 0 0
2011 Q4 0 0 0
2011 Q3 0 0 0
2011 Q2 0 8 8
2011 Q1 7,813 0 0 0.0
2010 Q4 8,159 2 0 245.1
2010 Q3 7,970 0 0 0.0
2010 Q2 6,127 3 0 489.6
2010 Q1 0 0 0
2009 Q4 0 10 7
2009 Q3 18,964 0 0 0.0
2009 Q2 24,738 9 8 363.8
2009 Q1 28,062 1 0 35.6
2008 Q4 27,157 1 1 36.8
2008 Q3 15,605 0 0 0.0
2008 Q2 21,774 5 2 229.6
2008 Q1 18,908 0 0 0.0
2007 Q4 10,380 8 1 770.7
2007 Q3 521 0 0 0.0
2007 Q2 1,974 0 0 0.0
2007 Q1 4,092 0 0 0.0
2006 Q4 21,425 0 0 0.0
2006 Q3 30,904 0 0 0.0
2006 Q2 40,063 0 0 0.0
2006 Q1 44,054 0 0 0.0
2005 Q4 29,845 4 4 134.0
2005 Q3 23,443 0 0 0.0
2005 Q2 27,415 0 0 0.0
2005 Q1 39,709 0 0 0.0
2004 Q4 28,187 1 0 35.5
2004 Q3 19,923 0 0 0.0
2004 Q2 27,888 2 2 71.7
2004 Q1 39,803 0 0 0.0
2003 Q4 48,566 15 15 308.9
2003 Q3 47,683 0 0 0.0
2003 Q2 48,802 0 0 0.0
2003 Q1 44,216 0 0 0.0
2002 Q4 31,974 0 0 0.0
2002 Q3 33,691 1 1 29.7
2002 Q2 34,996 2 2 57.1
2002 Q1 34,603 0 0 0.0
2001 Q4 31,271 11 9 351.8
2001 Q3 29,390 4 3 136.1
2001 Q2 29,110 0 0 0.0
2001 Q1 20,885 0 0 0.0
2000 Q4 0 0 0
2000 Q3 0 0 0
2000 Q2 8,517 0 0 0.0
2000 Q1 0 0 0
No fatalities recorded at this mine.

Reportable incidents

16 on file

2015 · 1 incident

August 18, 2015 WV · Coal mine manager, mine foreman, mine owner MACHINERY
Highland Mining Company · Struck by... (Not Elsewhere Classified)

Employee was straightening step on excavator. He had hooked a chain to bucket of the excavator and to the step and instructed the operator to put tension on the chain. As the operator applied tension the weld on the step broke loose allowing the step to strike the employee in the right leg resulting in a laceration requiring 7 stitches.

2013 · 1 incident

October 8, 2013 WV · Coal welder (shop) MACHINERY
Alex Energy Inc · Struck by flying object

Employee had been welding frame cracks and at the end of shift he felt something in his eye. He was taken to the hospital and the material was removed then given prescription eye medication.

2008 · 2 incidents

October 12, 2008 WV · Coal security guard, watchman HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Alex Energy Inc · Over-exertion (Not Elsewhere Classified)

Security officer saw someone on mine property. As he was running to security vehicle, he felt pain in upper left leg. No fall involved.

September 26, 2008 WV · Coal maintenance man, mechanic, repair/serviceman, boilermaker, fueler, tire tech, field service tech HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Alex Energy Inc · Struck by falling object

Employee was in the process of putting a wheel cover on a 988 coal loader. While trying to line up bolts with the bolt holes on the cover, the cover slipped off and landed on his finger.

2006 · 3 incidents

August 29, 2006 WV · Coal laborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitman EXPLODING VESSELS UNDER PRESSURE
Alex Energy Inc · Struck by... (Not Elsewhere Classified)

Got a rock stuck between 2 back tires on the truck. Attempted to pry the rock out of the tires and one tire blew out striking ee hand causing slight injury to hand.

July 6, 2006 WV · Coal maintenance man, mechanic, repair/serviceman, boilermaker, fueler, tire tech, field service tech HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Alex Energy Inc · Struck by... (Not Elsewhere Classified)

Member was replacing a seal on the roller frame when it slipped striking his left ring finger.

January 26, 2006 WV · Coal miner, prospector, nec HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Alex Energy Inc · Struck by... (Not Elsewhere Classified)

Members hard hat cut his head and he received a tetnus shot.

2004 · 2 incidents

November 1, 2004 WV · Coal bulldozer operator, universal operator, heavy equipment operator, operating engineer SLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
Alex Energy Inc · Fall onto or against objects

EMPLOYEE WAS MOUNTING HIS DOZER AT THE BEGINNING OF THE SHIFT. HE TRIPPED & FELL FORWARD AS HE TOOK THE LAST STEP, STRIKING HIS UPPER LIP AGAINST THE CAB DOOR. THE CAB DOOR WAS OPEN AT THE TIME OF THE ACCIDENT. HE TRANSPORTED HIMSELF TO THE MEDICAL CENTER & RECEIVED 3 STITCHES.

May 21, 2004 WV · Coal blaster, shooter, shotfirer, explosive worker, powder gang/monkey POWERED HAULAGE
Alex Energy Inc · Struck by flying object

EE WAS BACKING UP TRUCK AND HIT METAL SUPPORT BEAM WITH MIRROR. GLASS SHATTERED AND ENTERED EE'S LEFT EYE. TREATED BY ER DOCTOR, PRESCRIBED RX MEDICATION.

2003 · 3 incidents

March 21, 2003 WV · Coal laborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitman SLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
Alex Energy Inc · Fall to the walkway or working surface

MEMBER WAS LEANING ON A HIGHWALL MINER CAR WHEN A ROCK STRUCK ANOTHER CAR IN FRONT OF HIM CAUSING HIM TO BE BOUNCED OFF ONTO THE GROUND CAUSING A STRAIN TO THE LOWER BACK.

January 18, 2003 WV · Coal auger operator, auger crew supervisor HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Alex Energy Inc · Struck by falling object

WHILE EMPLOYEE WAS HANGING CAR CABLE ON THE SECOND FLOOR OF THE HIGHWALL MINER, THE CABLE FELL STRIKING EMPLOYEE IN THE UPPER BACK AND NECK AREA.

January 13, 2003 WV · Coal truck driver SLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
Alex Energy Inc · Fall from machine

EE WALKING ON LOWBOY WHEN HE SLIPPED OFF THE BACK OF THE LOWBOY LANDING ON THE GROUND CAUSING HIM TO BREAK HIS LEFT ARM.

2002 · 3 incidents

July 28, 2002 WV · Coal security guard, watchman HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Alex Energy Inc · Over-exertion in lifting objects

EE WAS LIFTING A CASE OF WATER FROM THE FLOOR TO PLACE ON A FILE CABINET, HE FELT A POPPING IN HIS NECK WITH PAIN IN NECK, SHOULDER & LEFT ARM.

May 31, 2002 WV · Coal maintenance man, mechanic, repair/serviceman, boilermaker, fueler, tire tech, field service tech SLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
Alex Energy Inc · Fall from ladders

EE WAS STANDING ON A 6' LADDER APPROXIMATELY 4.5' OFF THE GROUND WHILE CHANGING A LIFT JACK HOSE ON A LOADER, WHEN HIS FOOT SLIPPED, CAUSING HIM TO FALL TO THE GROUND.

February 26, 2002 WV · Coal miner, nec HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Alex Energy Inc · Over-exertion in pulling or pushing objects

EMPLOYEE WAS HELPING GET A LARGE ROCK OFF ADDCAR ON MINER PAD. AS HE WAS SLIDING ROCK OFF CAR HE FELT PAIN IN HIS ABDOMEN.

2001 · 1 incident

May 5, 2001 WV · Coal laborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitman MACHINERY
Alex Energy Inc · Struck by... (Not Elsewhere Classified)

EMPLOYEE HAD HIS FOOT ON PUSHER JACK WHILE PULLING WATER HOSE FOR HIGHWAY MINER. ADD CAR CAME DOWN AGAINST JACK, BRUISING FOOT.