Consolidation Coal CompanyMining Incidents in 2012

Kuhntown Elevator went down at 2:20 p.m. with two persons on it. The cage was at the top landing but the doors would not open. The people were removed from the cage at 3:08 p.m. The cage was reset and upper limit switch was adjusted. Shindler serviced the elevator.

20 W section c.c. 2 to 3 at face the Dc Gas Hole was inadvertently intersected during mining cycle. (Please note that this 7000-1 form is being filed for reporting compliance purposes only as we do not agree that an inundation occurred) Dc Gas line was reconnected with line packers and pumping resumed.

Roof fall occurred in the 4B recovery area at the 4 + 03 spad location. The fall affected the following cross cuts 1 to 2, 2 to 3, and 3 to 4.

A methane ignition occurred on 20 Rt. in No. 1 entry of new longwall face. Miner operator had cut approx 18' when mine roof fell in from face outby for the length of cut & approx 9' wide. The Sandstone rock that fell was 3' to 12"" thick. Mine operator was cutting up the rock to load out when the ignition occurred. The flame only lasted approx 15 sec & was extinguished w/water hose.

Kuhntown elevator went down at 5:46am with 3 persons on board. Persons were removed safety at 6:20am. Elevator did not recognize the slow down switch when traveling by. Elevator ran by switch to re-set system & Schindler secured the elevator.

An unintentional roof fall was discovered at approx 5:50am. In the number 5 entry on the Grassy Creek Mains at break 54. The fall extended to the number 6 entry intersection by excluded the number 6 entry. All approaches to the fall were timbered off. The fall did not interrupt ventilation but will be cleaned up. The fall is approx 110' long, 20' wide and 12'high.

The roof in the tailgate entry for the longwall had begun to deteriorate on the midnight shift. The travelway would have required supplemental support - posts or jacks at that time. During the course of mining on the dayshift, deterioration of the roof continued until the tailgate travelway was deemed impassable. District 3 Ventilation Supervisor was notified at approx. 3:20 PM.

15A Longwall Section - It was reported that an alleged ignition occurred at 161 shield on the longwall face.

After the yearly examination and new terminations of the slopes, the hoist was lowered to the bottom and while being raised back to the surface, the capsule become misaligned causing a guide to be bent and slide to be broken.

An entrapment occurred on the Metz elevator involving 16 people for 92 minutes.

Hoist rope in contact with coal and water degrading interior of rope until severed.

An entrapment occurred of 1 person on the miracle run elevator due to the inspection kept was not fully engaged causing a lockout of the elevator. Person entrapped for 90 minutes.

A roof fall was discovered during a weekly exam by employee during his exam on 9/5/2012 at approximately 3:00 AM. The roof fall is in the entry between 279 and 280 blks of the 6 North right return airway and is approximately 40 ft in length. The area was initially bolted with 8 ft x 3/4 "" bolts.

An unintentional roof fall was discovered at approximately 10:15 a.m. at brk. 20, No.2 Hdg, on the Grassy Creek Mains. All approaches to the fall were timbered off. The fall did not interrupt ventilation and will not be cleaned up. The fall was approximately 8'-10' high, 20' wide, and approximately 60' long. The fall was in the intersection.

The auxiliary contact for the main contact on the Metz elevator failed causing an entrapment of 12 people for 45 minutes.

An unintentional roof fall was discovered at approx 10:45am at brk 77 on Grassy Creek mains. All approaches to the fall were timbered off. Fall did not interrupt ventilation, will not be cleaned up. Fall was approx 6-8' high, 20' wide & approx 143' long. Fall was halfway between 6 & 7 entry, thu the intersection of #7, up #8 entry for approx 15'. The fall is Y shaped.

A fall of roof occurred at spad location 338+00 on the old main line track at the Whittaker Portal. The inby corner on the wire side fell out and pulled additional material out of the cross-cut with it. The approximate size of the roof fall is 8 feet high, 8 feet wide and 15 feet long.

Fall of roof occurred at the 7-25 cross-cut, track to return entry, at the Whittaker Portal. The fall is limited to the cross-cut only. Approximate size of the fall is 16 feet wide, 10 feet high and 30 feet long.

A non-injury ignition occurred at approximately 1:15 pm during cutting-repair operations on the face conveyor (panline) on the 19A at #222 shield.

16A Section experienced a roof fall. The fall occurred at 21 cross-cut. Involving 1 xc to 2 xc and the #2 intersection. The fall was approximately 16 feet wide, 15 feet high and 140 feet long.

A roof fall occurred in the travelway to ventilation check point O. The fall was approx. 20' long, 15' wide, and 6-8' high.

an unintentional roof fall was discovered at approximately 6:10 am in number 6 entry on the 3 east mains at break No 77. All approaches to the fall were timbered off. The fall did not interrupt ventilation and will not be cleaned up. The fall was approximately 11 feet high, 30 feet long, and 18 feet wide. The fall was in the intersection.

This 7000-1 is being submitted in response to citation #7116747 issued on 7/10/12. Following an investigation, the operator is not in agreement with MSHA that an immediately reportable methane ignition occurred. While preforming routine cutting / welding operations on the 19A tailgate shearer drum near shield #22, a small fire occurred which was immediately extinguished.

While lowering men into shaft, a work deck bumped a steel bunton, damaging hoist rope. Men were evacuated using secondary hoisting system.

While operating elevator in manual inspection mode, the elevator overtraveled causing faults that locked the controls. One miner was trapped for 50 minutes until the faults could be cleared.

A roof fall occurred in the 48 old recovery chute. The fall was 20' long, 16' wide and 8' high.

While mining from the tail towards the head, an alleged ignition occurred while cutting bottom on the tail drum of the 19 A longwall face.

Roof fall occurred on the 5B Section in the Tailgate Entry of the working section at road location 2+60. The fall was approximately 20 feet long and 8 feet high.

A fireboss conducting a weekly examination found a roof fall in the 5th west section between #46 and #47 x-cut # 4 entry. The roof fall measured 30'L x 16'W x 7'H. while investigating the fall a second roof fall was found # 5 entry # 48 x-cut 20'L X 18"" W X 7' H it was determined later that the second fall may connect with a old fall at # 47 x-cut in the # 5 entry.

The 5 North Emergency Hoist would not start. All work was stopped in affected area. Battery was discharged. Corrective Action: ""Changed Battery"" Elevator released at 10:45a.m. All agencies were notified.

The portal passenger elevator went down at approximately 8:50AM. Schindler Elevator Service was called to evaluate the occurrence and correct the problem. The elevator was returned to service at approximately 10:30 AM. A defective door switch, that allows the elevator doors to shut, was found to be the problem.

2 people entrapped on Sugar Run Elevator for 2 hours due to a bad safety switch.

The portal passenger elevator went down at approximately 10:15 AM. Schindler Elevator Service was called to evaluate the occurrence and correct the problem. The elevator was returned to service at approximately 3:20 PM. A defective door switch, that allows the elevator doors to shut, was found to be the problem.

A roof fall was discovered in the old 4-west section at 20 block crosscut 8 to 9. Spad location 8929 to 8430. No personal affected, walk way is obstructed. Ventilation roof disturbed. Fall is above anchorage points. Area dangered off and walk way will be rerouted.

A roof fall was found at old 4-west 18 block x-cut 4 to 5. Spad locations A8190 to A7117. Fall was above anchorage bolts. The fall did not affect ventilation walkway and no persons affected. Area was dangered off.

A shunt failed on the Sugar Run Elevator causing it to move until the safety brakes engaged.

An employee got trapped on the portal passenger elevator at approximately 9:42 PM. Schindler Elevator Service was called to evaluate the occurrence and correct the problem. The employee was freed and the elevator was returned to service a approximately 2:40 AM. A smashed lady bug had lodged itself at the bottom of the lock enclosure and is believed to have caused the problem.

An unintentional roof fall was discovered at survey station 281 (belt entry). Fall dimensions estimated at 15 feet high by 20 feet wide by 20 feet wide.

A roof fall occurred at the 7 North shaft C approach. The fall was approx. 10' H. X 20' L. The fall did not interrupt ventilation or walkway. Area dangered off. This is not an active area of the mine.

The injured was installing the last bolt of the cut.The EE let the drill mast down to retrieve the wrench out of the drillpot with his right hand, when he got a hold of the wrench a rock fell from top and caught his little finger between the rock and the wrench. The rock meas. 20"" X 20"" and 1/4 to 4"" thick. Right little finger was amputated just behind his finger nail.

Low back pain from handling roof bolt supplies from a supply car carrying to a scoop

The injured was operating No.25 man bus coming off of 5 North Mains sections when his bus collided with bus No.45. The accident occurred between brk 2-3 just as you come thru the S turn near the mouth of the section. The injured's left leg hit against the control box on the man bus causing a fracture to his left leg (femur).

While standing along 2 ballast cars, he noticed that the couplers were not aligned to couple. He reached in to align one of the couplers and while leaning back, he was caught between the edges of the 2 cars.

Felt pain in right groin area while shoveling at 3 blk on 11 belt. Had surgery on 12/13/12. Doctors report post operative revealed herniation. Loveridge notified on 12/27/12.

While operating a battery wheelbarrow, the employee's left thumb got caught between the wheelbarrow and the side of a scoop resulting in an avulsion - laceration to the thumb.

Employee was on manlift setting a channel on machine floor of headframe. He was coming out of the steel frame and he got pinned between rail on manlift and beam.

Individual was crawling from belt line to track when individual stepped toward the track loose coal allowed the right foot to slip and right knee to buckle.

He was in 15A section helping co-workers load a piece of rail when he felt pain in his lower back and groin. Started missing work on 11/05/12. **Upon further investigation, it has been determined that this injury is a direct result of degenerative back issues/disease and occupational illness.**

EE was pulling shields on the 18-W longwall face. When he stepped up on the pontoon of 49 shield with the left foot and the right foot under the pontoon of the shield that had not finished it's setting cycle. EE received a fracture to the right big toe and the next toe also.

Driving D41 mantrip at 30 block East Mains when a small piece of rock dust entered right eye causing irritation. Treated with antibiotic/steriod drops to eye. No issue with PPE, training, mining methods or compliance.

While walking to the mantrip from the face he tripped over a cable, falling on his left knee.

Attempting to remove a drill steel from a gopher drill when his thumb became caught between the auger and the mine roof. Laceration to right thumb.

The employee had his arm resting on the handrail of the pan line while observing the installation of cribbing material under the toes of a shield, when the shield shifted causing a drive cover brace to break resulting in the employees right wrist being caught between the brace and the top of a shield resulting in a fractured wrist.

Operating mantrip and ran into a parked flat car along 9 South haulage resulting to an injury above the left eye needing 20 sutures.

He was handling a power center lid at 4 belt when he felt a pain in his left shoulder. He started missing work on 9/10/12.

He was walking by the miner boom when he slipped and struck his head on the boom causing a laceration. The laceration required 2 staples.

The injured was roofbolting on 3 East Mains. The injured was dropping the drill mast on the roofbolter when the drill mast caught a long wrench, causing the wrench to flip and hit him in the right side of the face. The injured sustained a crushing injury to his right eye socket.

Dozer op. decided on his own that he was working 3:1 slope on hollow fill. The op. was told that he wasn't to get on the slope, but he did anyway. Op. backed too far down slope and went off a washout area on the next slope. Inexperienced op. caused the accident.

While in 8 South moving the loader cable, he felt a pain in his back. He began missing work on 8/30/2012.

While moving cribs across the 19A longwall face, the employee felt pain in his low back.

While filling a fan rock duster with bagged rock dust, the employee felt a pain in his low back. The incident became reportable when the employee began missing work on 08/20/2012.

While walking across the 19A longwall face, the employee stepped across a relay bar and twisted his right knee.

While walking along side a parked shuttle car, the employee slipped on some loose material causing him to fall onto his left hip. The employee continued to work. The incident has now become reportable based upon medical evidence received on 8-22-2012.

The employee continued to work following the incident. The incident became reportable when the employee began missing work on 9-24-2012. Employee was emptying rock dust bags into the hopper of the section fan when he felt a ""pop"" in his right arm.

EE was carrying an F-Bar chain from end of 16A track, when he went to drop it the hook caught on his mine belt causing him to strain his back. After being evaluated by a doctor he started missing work on 8/6/12.

The employee was installing a roof bolt from the right side of the continuous mining machine. Employee was installing an additional bolt in the roof strap at an angle when the bolt wrench and the roof bolt head broke, causing the bolt wrench to strike the employee in the face below his nose. Employee suffered facial fractures and cuts requiring sutures.

He was dragging a crib block behind him in a low, old area of mine. Crib block became stuck, he pulled on the rope to dislodge the crib block. When it popped free it struck him in the left ankle resulting in a sprain.

Individual was pulling bolter cable at Main North Haulage 166 block when he felt a pop in the right shoulder. Individual continued to work until 7-18-12 when the doctor removed him from work.

Individual operating 20 ton motor going from 8-5 to 7-5 on main north haulage. Trolly pole came off wire cawing the supply trip to drift back striking his motor. Individual landed on motor deck and hit left shoulder. Individual continued to work until 9-21-12 when he had surgery to the left shoulder.

EE opened door at coal dryer that was being refurbished, plug welds at door hinge failed resulting in the door falling and striking the EE on the left elbow and left leg.

06/24/2012 Employee was assisting in installing a 4"" rigid 90. After screwing in the 90 he went up to the next level bent over to pick up his welding hood and had a sharp pain in the groin area. He left the job site and went to a health care provider.

Pinched right foot between shield pontoon and re-lay bar clevis while recovering shields.

Employee was operating a battery motor when it derailed and caused him to be jarred in the operator's compartment. Employee complained of back pain and has since been diagnosed with multi level degenerative disk disease and spinal stenosis. Employee had continued to work until he was no longer able to perform his duties as of 8-13-12.

Individual was aligning track in 18W. section 68 Block with a jack, while jacking the rail in a standing position EE felt pain in the lower left back. EE cont. to work until 7/9/12 when doctor removed him from work.

This report is being generated to meet the requirements for the reporting of a gas ignition which occurred on the surface. While taking measurements at a surface de-gas hole, a gas ignition occurred injuring the de-gas technician. The technician received burns to his neck, face and arms.

Twisted his left knee while walking around a diesel motor during inspections.

Throwing #2 chute switch on slope bottom when switch handle came back, jerking his left shoulder. Employee experienced pain and missed 6 days work over the next ten months. No issue with PPE, compliance, mining machinery, or training.

EE was walking along 18W belt at the booster drive when stepping on a rock and twisted the right knee. EE cont. to work until 7/9/12 when he was removed from work to have surgery to the right knee.

While walking around a parked shuttle car, the employee stepped on some loose material on the mine floor, causing him to shift his weight. He felt pain in his left knee which got progressively worse.

Individual was talking on a mine phone at 19-W 2 block when a vehicle was coming through the track doors. Individual turned to get back in the cross cut when he fell over a bag of rock dust. Individual complained of back pain, pain in right shoulder and arm. Individual continued to work until 12-10-12, could no longer work

EE was in 8 South moving materials in dinner hole when he felt a pop in his right elbow. Diagnosed with a torn right bicep tendon. Started missing 5/31/12.

Fell while walking landing on left elbow. Reported on 5/8/12. First day missed 5/9/12.

He was sitting on a jeep that was bumped by a motor and duster that had slid out of a switch with a grade. Started missing work on 5/17/12.

On January 14, 2013, the mine's safety department was notified that the employee had began missing work. The employee had twisted his left knee as he was getting out of a personnel carrier on May 4, 2012. The employee did not miss any work until January 8, 2013.

Individual was in the process of hooking up the rock dust pods to the motor. The holes n the draw bar were aligned, when putting in the pin, the car moved and the pin caught the right index finger between the draw bar and jenny hook up.

Employee was dumping a muck bucket and smashed his finger.

employee was operating a 90 pound jack hammer to break up rock, Hammer slipped off of the rock and went through his boot causing a laceration requiring stitches and a fracture of two small bones.

While descending a fixed ladder he slipped on a rung causing him to catch himself straining his right forearm and elbow. Received surgery on 5/9/12 post operative report received by Loveridge 5/23/12.

Individual fell while exiting BT-5 mantrip on the Kuhn town bottom. Individual struck the left elbow and left knee when striking the ground.

Fell while adjusting a Tens machine he was wearing from a previous shoulder surgery. Injured low back and left shoulder and right leg. Started missing work on 4/3/12, Loveridge notified on 4/19/12.

Handling drill steels that were in mine roof after hole had been drilled. When removing one steel from roof, the other two fell pinching his left middle finger between two steels causing a laceration and a fracture.

At 8 South Mains EE reported that while on previous shift he was stepping off mantrip and felt pain in left knee. EE has stated he may seek medical treatment as a result of this incident. EE continued to work his entire shift.

While unloading sand props from a vehicle he felt a pull/strain in his lower back. MRI on 3/30 revealed a bulging disc. He started missing work on 4/4/12.

Injured unhooked the chains that secured a car of gravel. He had his back to the car & the motorman & was attempting to open the page gate so the motorman could pull a car of gravel off the cage. The motorman thought the injured was signaling for him to pull forward, but the injured wasn't. The injured was pinned between the car & gate, causing a fracture to his back.

Employee was carrying 2 jennChem crib bags (24 lbs. each) to the installation location, put bags down and felt pain in his back.

Felt pain in left shoulder while using a sledge hammer to knock a block out of a stopping. Continued to work until 5/25/12. Loveridge received post operative report for comp. on 6/11/12.

Individual was operating the shearer on the 18 w longwall when a rock blew out at the face area striking the individual on the right ankle.

Swung a mason hammer while repairing a mandoor and hit his right knee.

He was walking from front end loader to help secure supplies on a mine car when he slipped in the snow and twisted his left knee. Employee was injured on 2-11-2012, MRI results received on 2-21-2012 indicated a torn MCL.

Individual was picking up a bucket of chain out of a track mounted vehicle. Individual felt pain in the left shoulder. Individual went off work for a rotator repair.

Individual was standing on a ladder and removing crete planks from an o'cast wall. While attempting to hold onto a plank that slipped out of the H Beam Groove. The right side chest area struck the o'cast wall causing pain in the area. Individual continued to work until 2/15/12.

Attempting to install a bottom belt roller when he felt a pain in right shoulder and right hand. MRI results showed a tear in his shoulder that will require surgery to repair. He started missing work on 4/12/12.

The employee was walking when he stepped in a rut and twisted his right ankle. The accident became reportable when the employee began missing work on 02/13/2012.

Struck by a pressurized 1"" water hose resulting in multiple fractures to the right side of the face.

Walking from miner back to load center when he stepped on a rock submerged in water, twisting left ankle and felt pain in his foot. Original RPI 1/31 diagnosed with a fractured foot 2/23.

Employee was rib bolting at 280 block #1 entry of 9 South Mains off of the Joy 14ED25 miner. While pushing the rib drill out he felt pain in his left shoulder. There was no issue with training, PPE, mining machinery, or compliance.

Employee was exiting a manbus and felt a sharp pain in his lower back, he was removed from the mine and taken to the hospital for examination, he was released to return to normal duty. On January 31 he reinjured his back lifting belt structure.

Individual was bolting on the Fletcher bolter in the 16 W tail gate. When attempting to align the steels, individual pinched the left hand while applying up pressure with the mast. Individual received 12 sutures to the left palm.

Stepped off 25 ton diesel motor and twisted left ankle during dismount. Placed left foot on rock that was hidden by a thick layer of rock dust. No issue with PPE, mining methods or machinery, training or regulatory issues. Occurred just outby the supply cars for 9 South Mains section.

Crawling under belt at the 6-27 belt cross under when she felt a pain in her right forearm/elbow area. Started missing work on 11/28/12.

EE was installing track rails at main north 162 block. The track rail needed more height for blocking. While using a bar to raise the rail the bar slipped out and the EE caught the left thumb between the rail and the blocking. Received fracture to the tip of thumb and sutures to the tip of the thumb.

Injured worker was working on steel framework. A cage-like structure had a door on it. The door (weighing approx. 50 lbs.) fell and pinned the injured worker's right thumb, causing a fracture.

The injured was installing a eye bolt for the messenger line in the No.3 entry 30'inby brk. No.66 when a piece of rib rolled off measuring 30""x24""x10"" striking him on the left foot, causing a fracture to his left big toe. The accident happened on 21 Rt. development panel.

He was using a razor knife to cut a piece of lay flat hose when the knife was caught by the hose and he attempted to pull it free and struck him in the right leg causing a laceration. The laceration required 5 sutures.

The employee was installing roof screen while he was bolting alongside the miner. His right hand slid down along side the sharp edge of a roof strap, slicing through his glove resulting in a laceration of the right thumb. The resultant injury required two (2) sutures.

Laceration to the right hand of the base of the thumb while removing cables from a hook resulting in 24 sutures.

He was unloading an electric pump from a jeep when a bar that he was using to unload it came loose and struck him on the right side of his head causing a laceration. The laceration required 2 sutures.

While standing on the right side of the continuous miner in the 19 W face area. A rock fell from the roof striking the left forearm causing a laceration. Individual received 5 sutures.

The employee right leg got caught between the coal rib and a section of ventilation tubing when the end of the tube was struck by an on-coming shuttle car. The resultant injury was a laceration of the right leg requiring 10 sutures.

Employee stepped out of D85 mantrip at 265 block 9 South and rolled his left ankle. The miner missed no work, but was treated with physical therapy. No problems with mining equipment, methods, PPE, training or compliance issues.

EE was guiding a feed flume extension into place on 284 drain and rinsed screen in the preparation plant. Two other employees were using chain hoist to raise the feed flume extension up over the sieve holder. As the extension cleared the sieve holder the flume extension shifted forward and resulted in a laceration to the injured's right inner forearm that required 21 sutures.

He was cutting zip ties off of a roll of trolley wire, when the utility knife slipped, cutting the back of his left hand between thumb and index finger. He received 7 sutures.

Walking through box check doors on 1 belt employee slipped and fell, landing on his shoulder. Missed no work, no restricted duty, received physical therapy (which was not identified as a reportable event in 2012) for possible tendinopathy. No issue with PPE, compliance, mining equipment or training.

He was walking by a come-along attached to a shuttle car when he slipped and struck his mouth, laceration required 5 sutures.

While lifting a roller in 20D during a belt advance the employee felt pain in his right shoulder. Missed no work, no positive medical diagnosis, received physical therapy (which was not identified as a reportable event in 2012). No issue with training, PPE, mining equipment, or regulatory issues.

While swinging a sledge hammer to knock blocks out of a wall, he struck his left hand against the mandoor resulting in a cut on his left index finger (3 sutures)

EE working as a bolter helper on 5B longwall recovery. A drill steel was caught on top of bolter. When attempting to free it steel struck him on forehead causing a cut. (5 sutures)

Using a utility knife to cut tape off a well point pipe when knife slipped causing a laceration to left forearm requiring 3 stitches.

He was miner bolting on the 16A bleeder section when his drill steel became plugged. He unplugged it and attempted to put it back into the hole when a piece of rock fell from the mine roof pinching his left pinky finger between the rock and the miner. The laceration required 3 stitches.

At 42 block Main West a 604 scoop needed reset on a move dolley. The injured was operating the scoop when the scoop fell off of cribs and slammed down on the dolley. The injured felt pain in his neck and was treated with physical therapy, no lost workdays.

Injured stopped to fill the make-up tank on a Wagner LST-5 scoop, while removing the cap the air pressure that was built up inside the tank caused the fill cap to blow off striking the exhaust filter housing then striking the employee in the mouth causing broken teeth and lacerations to the lips.

Employee was installing a roof jack, as he put the jack up into place the top part of the jack slid down and cut his left thumb. His thumb required 6 stitches.

EE was loading a bedrail onto mine car when he caught his left pinky finger between the bedrail and the mine car. This resulted in a fracture to the finger.

Employee was struck with gopher drill while installing a roof bolt.

Employee was walking on Metz bottom and was struck on the left ear by a No Parking Sign resulting in 3 sutures.

While cleaning inside the Prep Plant elevator shaft, the employee was struck on top of his head by a falling object (2"" victaulic coupler) that was used in the area to secure the elevator door in the open position.

The mine's Safety Department became aware of this occupational illness on 12/26/2012, when documentation was received concerning the employee being awarded a noise induced hearing loss of 0.74%.

Employee picked up a bottle and thought it was water and it contained Xylene and accidentally swallowed a mouth full of Xylene.

The mine's safety department was notified on 4-27-2012, that the employee had received an occupational hearing loss permanent partial disability award.

He was diagnosed as a occupational illness for respiratory conditions due to Toxic Agents.

Employee has been diagnosed with permanent noise-induced hearing loss of 10.27%.

Information has been received confirming that the employee has been diagnosed with Tri-compartmental osteoarthritis and osteochondromatoisis of the left knee

On February 23, 2012, the Mines Safety Department was made aware that the employee had received a compensation award for a permanent impairment from noise induced hearing loss.