Mining Incidents

CHM 48: 45 MSHA citations Coal

Rockholds, Whitley County, KY  ·  Active
MSHA Mine ID: 1519819

CHM 48 has $7K in proposed MSHA penalties and $0 outstanding across 4 contested dockets, plus health sampling and the full incident record.

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Fatalities
0
Total incidents
1
Years on record
2019
Latest incident
Jun 2019
Compliance record
MSHA citations since 2019
45
citations
4
significant & substantial
$7,345
proposed penalties
$7,144
paid to date
97% of proposed penalties paid to date, a $201 gap.
Source: MSHA violations data, updated weekly.
Inspection activity
MSHA inspections since 2018
37
inspections on record
901
inspection hours
n/a
citations per 100 inspection hours
This rate is recorded citations divided by MSHA inspection hours, per 100 hours. It reflects inspection effort, not mine size or production.
Rate withheld: 901 inspection hours is too few for a stable rate. A minimum of 1,000 inspection hours is required.
Source: MSHA inspections data, updated weekly.

CHM 48 has $7K in proposed MSHA penalties and $0 outstanding across 4 contested dockets.

Penalty disposition
Differences between proposed and paid penalties reflect both settlements and conference reductions and amounts still owed. Outstanding is the balance currently owed.
$7K
proposed penalties
$7K
current assessed
$7K
paid to date
$0
outstanding
39 assessments are final orders; 4 contested dockets.
Of $3K in penalties contested before the Commission, $3K was upheld in final decisions.
As of the most recent assessment on 2026-06-25.
Source: MSHA assessed-violations and conference/litigation data, updated weekly.
Violation severity profile
Shares are computed over citations that carry the MSHA gravity and negligence coding; a small share of records are uncoded.
9.3%
significant & substantial
0.0%
high negligence or reckless
9.3%
reasonably likely or greater
0.0%
permanently disabling or fatal if injury occurs
Negligence coding: 0.0% none, 0.0% low, 100.0% moderate, 0.0% high, 0.0% reckless.
Source: MSHA violations gravity and negligence coding, updated weekly.
When citations were contested
Contesting a citation before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission is a lawful right. These figures state the public outcomes of that process, from MSHA's Contested Violations file.
14 citations taken to the federal commission · 31% of citations on record
  • Settled 11 · 79%
  • Stood as issued 3 · 21%
67%
S&S designation survived the contest
Counts a Significant & Substantial citation as surviving when a settlement or judge's decision kept the designation, or the contest was dismissed or defaulted so the citation stands as issued. Vacated and withdrawn citations, and settlements that removed the designation, count against.
of 3 decided S&S contests · industry: 79%
7%
Penalty reduction in decided contests
$3K proposed, $3K after decisions · industry: 39%
Source: MSHA Contested Violations file (public record), updated weekly. A dismissed or defaulted contest leaves the citation standing as issued; a vacated or withdrawn citation is removed from the violation record. Latest contest filed 2023-10-11.
Contested penalties
A reduction or dismissal at the Commission is a lawful outcome of contesting a proposed penalty. Figures are the proposed amount and the amount upheld in the docket's decision.
Largest penalties this mine contested before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, with the outcome on record.
Docket Decision Judge Year Proposed / upheld
KENT 2024-0006 Settlement Lewis 2024 $1K → $1K
KENT 2019-0298 Settlement Moran 2020 $861 → $861
KENT 2023-0029 Dismissal Young 2023 $615 → $615
KENT 2020-0127 Settlement McCarthy 2020 $447 → $246
Source: FMSHRC civil penalty dockets and decisions (public record), updated weekly.

MSHA sampling at CHM 48 shows 100% of 54 respirable coal dust samples met the 1.5 mg/m3 standard.

Health sampling
A sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.

Respirable coal dust
Respirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.

Last sampled: 2026-08-03
100%
within 1.5 mg/m3
54
samples
0.50
dust max (mg/m3)
0
over MSHA ECV
The excessive concentration value (ECV) is MSHA's own per-sample enforcement threshold, which builds in measurement uncertainty; a sample over its ECV can trigger a citation. The count covers only samples MSHA assigned an ECV.
54 samples taken by MSHA inspectors, 0 by the operator.
Most-sampled occupations
  • GROUNDMAN17
  • AUGER OPERATOR16
  • FORKLIFT OPERATOR14

Noise
The share counts noise samples whose measured dose exceeded the 90 dBA permissible exposure limit. It describes the sampled workplace, not what reached the miner's ear: hearing conservation programs and the hearing protection worn during the shift are recorded separately and are not reflected here.

Last sampled: 2026-08-03
0%
over PEL
50
samples
Most-sampled occupations
  • GROUNDMAN15
  • AUGER OPERATOR14
  • FORKLIFT OPERATOR13
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly.
Health sampling trend
A sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.
Respirable coal dust by year
Respirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.
Year within 1.5 mg/m3 samples
2026 100% 6
2025 100% 3
2024 100% 6
2023 100% 7
2022 100% 10
2021 100% 8
2020 100% 6
2019 100% 8
Noise by year
Year over PEL samples
2026 0% 6
2025 0% 6
2024 0% 3
2023 0% 7
2022 0% 9
2021 0% 8
2020 0% 3
2019 0% 8
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly.

CHM 48 recorded 0.00 reportable injury cases per 100 full-time workers in 2025.

Injury rate, 2025
This rate is reportable injury cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers per year, computed as 200,000 times cases divided by MSHA operator-reported employee-hours. Cases are injuries MSHA graded degree 01 through 07; accident-only events that hurt no one are excluded, and so are contractor injuries, whose hours do not attach to a single mine. Rates begin in 2000, when quarterly employment reporting starts, and are withheld below 20,000 hours in a year.
0.00
total case rate
0.00
days-away rate
0.000
fatality rate
Below average. The US coal mining average was 3.19 and the all-US-mining average was 1.97 cases per 100 workers.
In Kentucky, coal mining averaged 4.08 cases per 100 workers that year.
Under 100,000 employee-hours were reported that year, so a single case moves the rate by two or more. Read the figure as approximate.
Year total case rate days-away fatal
2025 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2023 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2020 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2019 * 9.60 9.60 0.000
* Fewer than 100,000 employee-hours that year; the rate is less stable.
Source: injury cases from MSHA accident and injury records; employee-hours from MSHA quarterly employment reports. Rate is cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers, operator employees only.
Ownership history
  1. Contract Highwall Mining, LLC 2017 to present
Source: MSHA controller and operator history, updated weekly.
Workforce and production
Coal production is reported quarterly and lags the current period; the most recent quarters may be incomplete.
Year Employees Coal produced (tons)
2026 6 115,664
2025 8 162,437
2024 6 154,016
2023 7 141,550
2022 4 65,092
2021 5 123,519
2020 8 190,275
2019 10 168,761
Source: MSHA quarterly employment and production, updated weekly.

CHM 48 sits in Whitley County, Kentucky, where the Census mining category is 0.0% of county employment.

Local economic context
County figures come from the US Census Bureau's American Community Survey, 5-year pooled estimates, so the 2023 vintage covers 2019 through 2023. The Census category is 'mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction', which is broader than MSHA jurisdiction and includes oil and gas workers no mine employs. These figures describe the surrounding county, not this mine, and are not a factor in any specific incident.
Whitley County, Kentucky · Population 36,755
0.0%
Mining share of county employment
$41,719
Median household income
Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2023 5-year estimates.
Quarterly safety rates
Citations per million reported employee-hours. Rates begin in 2000, when MSHA's quarterly employment data starts; earlier incidents are counted but cannot be rate-adjusted. Quarters under 100,000 reported hours are greyed: too few hours for a stable rate.
Citations per million employee-hours, as reported to MSHA
Quarter Hours worked Citations S&S Per 1M hrs
2026 Q2 4,268 4 1 937.2
2026 Q1 4,268 1 0 234.3
2025 Q4 3,515 0 0 0.0
2025 Q3 5,770 0 0 0.0
2025 Q2 5,640 1 0 177.3
2025 Q1 6,037 0 0 0.0
2024 Q4 5,953 3 0 503.9
2024 Q3 4,955 0 0 0.0
Show 22 earlier quarters
Quarter Hours worked Citations S&S Per 1M hrs
2024 Q2 3,266 2 0 612.4
2024 Q1 4,168 2 0 479.8
2023 Q4 5,468 0 0 0.0
2023 Q3 5,229 2 2 382.5
2023 Q2 2,476 0 0 0.0
2023 Q1 8,429 0 0 0.0
2022 Q4 3,812 3 0 787.0
2022 Q3 2,513 0 0 0.0
2022 Q2 0 0 0
2022 Q1 4,841 7 0 1446.0
2021 Q4 4,889 0 0 0.0
2021 Q3 2,593 0 0 0.0
2021 Q2 4,185 5 1 1194.7
2021 Q1 2,654 0 0 0.0
2020 Q4 4,192 0 0 0.0
2020 Q3 5,284 0 0 0.0
2020 Q2 5,781 2 0 346.0
2020 Q1 6,862 0 0 0.0
2019 Q4 5,293 5 0 944.6
2019 Q3 6,642 0 0 0.0
2019 Q2 7,180 8 0 1114.2
2019 Q1 1,710 0 0 0.0
No fatalities recorded at this mine.

Reportable incidents

1 on file

2019 · 1 incident

June 21, 2019 KY · Coal laborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitman EXPLODING VESSELS UNDER PRESSURE
Contract Highwall Mining, LLC · Contact with hot objects or substances

The employee shut down the generator when the high coolant temperature light came on, EE then removed the radiator cap while the generator was still hot. The hot antifreeze come out onto the employee burning EE's hands, arms, chest, abdomen, side and underarm.