Mining Incidents

Greystone Sand & Gravel: 40 MSHA citations Metal/Non-Metal

Controlled by Vulcan Materials Company
Greeneville, Greene County, TN  ·  Active
MSHA Mine ID: 4000806

Greystone Sand & Gravel has $4K in proposed MSHA penalties and $0 outstanding across 2 contested dockets, plus health sampling and the full incident record.

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Fatalities
0
Total incidents
10
Years on record
1987–2023
Latest incident
Sep 2023
Compliance record
MSHA citations since 2000
40
citations
3
significant & substantial
$3,917
proposed penalties
$3,862
paid to date
99% of proposed penalties paid to date, a $55 gap.
Source: MSHA violations data, updated weekly.
Inspection activity
MSHA inspections since 2000
72
inspections on record
1,419
inspection hours
2.8
citations per 100 inspection hours
This rate is recorded citations divided by MSHA inspection hours, per 100 hours. It reflects inspection effort, not mine size or production.
40 citations across 1,419 inspection hours.
Source: MSHA inspections data, updated weekly.
Imminent-danger orders
A Section 107(a) order removes miners from an area when an inspector finds an imminent danger. Each order is lifted once the condition is corrected, so this counts orders issued, not orders now in effect.
1
Section 107(a) orders
Most recent order: 2011-12-06.
On record since 2011.
Source: MSHA imminent-danger order records, updated weekly.

Greystone Sand & Gravel has $4K in proposed MSHA penalties and $0 outstanding across 2 contested dockets.

Penalty disposition
Differences between proposed and paid penalties reflect both settlements and conference reductions and amounts still owed. Outstanding is the balance currently owed.
$4K
proposed penalties
$4K
current assessed
$4K
paid to date
$0
outstanding
39 assessments are final orders; 2 contested dockets.
Of $1K in penalties contested before the Commission, $0 was upheld in final decisions.
As of the most recent assessment on 2025-06-12.
Source: MSHA assessed-violations and conference/litigation data, updated weekly.
Violation severity profile
Shares are computed over citations that carry the MSHA gravity and negligence coding; a small share of records are uncoded.
7.7%
significant & substantial
0.0%
high negligence or reckless
7.7%
reasonably likely or greater
33.3%
permanently disabling or fatal if injury occurs
Negligence coding: 2.6% none, 30.8% low, 66.7% moderate, 0.0% high, 0.0% reckless.
Source: MSHA violations gravity and negligence coding, updated weekly.
Contested penalties
A reduction or dismissal at the Commission is a lawful outcome of contesting a proposed penalty. Figures are the proposed amount and the amount upheld in the docket's decision.
Largest penalties this mine contested before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, with the outcome on record.
Docket Decision Judge Year Proposed / upheld
SE 20000120M Withdrawal 2001 $972 → $0
SE 20020019M Withdrawal 2002 $55 → $0
Source: FMSHRC civil penalty dockets and decisions (public record), updated weekly.
Health sampling
A sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.

Metal and nonmetal contaminants (personal samples)
Many samples are screening measurements of substances with no applicable exposure limit; they are counted as samples but excluded from every over-limit figure. Over-limit shares use only limit-tested samples.

Last sampled: 2026-01-07
11%
of limit-tested samples over the exposure limit
40
samples
9
limit-tested
Most sampled contaminants
  • Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz101 over
  • Respirable dust, <.1mg28
  • Unlisted Particulate, respirable, <1% Qtz2
Show the individual readings (40)
Date Contaminant Concentration Limit Conc / limit Occupation
2007-09-26 Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz 0.51 0.35 1.46 Utility Man
2026-01-07 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Truck Driver
2026-01-07 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Truck Driver
2026-01-07 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Rotary Bucket Ex. Operator
2025-09-09 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Front-end Loader Operator
2025-09-09 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Rotary Bucket Ex. Operator
2025-09-09 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Truck Driver
2025-09-09 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Front-end Loader Operator
2025-09-09 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Utility Man
2025-09-09 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Laborer, Bullgang
2025-09-09 Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz 0.24 0.82 0.29 Truck Driver
2025-09-09 Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz 0.31 0.79 0.39 Truck Driver
2025-01-07 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Rotary Bucket Ex. Operator
2025-01-07 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Truck Driver
2025-01-07 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Truck Driver
2025-01-07 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Truck Driver
2022-12-01 Unlisted Particulate, respirable, <1% Qtz 0.24 Truck Driver
2022-12-01 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Truck Driver
2022-12-01 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Crusher Oper/Worker
2022-12-01 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Rotary Bucket Ex. Operator
2021-08-25 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Front-end Loader Operator
2021-08-25 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Crusher Oper/Worker
2021-08-25 Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz 0.55 Truck Driver
2021-08-25 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Laborer, Bullgang
2012-05-10 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Cleanup Man
2012-05-10 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Cleanup Man
2011-08-18 Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz 0.14 0.48 0.29 Cleanup Man
2011-08-18 Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz 0.12 0.48 0.25 Truck Driver
2011-08-18 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Truck Driver
2011-08-18 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Front-end Loader Operator
2011-08-18 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Front-end Loader Operator
2008-12-10 Unlisted Particulate, respirable, <1% Qtz 0.12 Utility Man
2007-11-06 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0.03 Utility Man
2007-09-26 Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz 0.14 0.42 0.33 Utility Man
2005-12-13 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Cleanup Man
2005-12-13 Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz 0.17 0.86 0.20 Cleanup Man
2005-12-13 Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz 0.43 0.93 0.46 Cleanup Man
2003-04-17 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Belt Cleaner
2003-04-17 Respirable dust, <.1mg 0 Crusher Oper/Worker
2003-04-17 Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz 0.15 0.46 0.33 Utility Man
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly. Metal/nonmetal contaminant figures come from MSHA's Personal Health Samples and Area Samples files (public record), updated weekly.

Greystone Sand & Gravel recorded 0.00 reportable injury cases per 100 full-time workers in 2025.

Injury rate, 2025
This rate is reportable injury cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers per year, computed as 200,000 times cases divided by MSHA operator-reported employee-hours. Cases are injuries MSHA graded degree 01 through 07; accident-only events that hurt no one are excluded, and so are contractor injuries, whose hours do not attach to a single mine. Rates begin in 2000, when quarterly employment reporting starts, and are withheld below 20,000 hours in a year.
0.00
total case rate
0.00
days-away rate
0.000
fatality rate
Below average. The US metal and nonmetal mining average was 1.65 and the all-US-mining average was 1.97 cases per 100 workers.
In Tennessee, metal and nonmetal mining averaged 1.25 cases per 100 workers that year.
Under 100,000 employee-hours were reported that year, so a single case moves the rate by two or more. Read the figure as approximate.
Year total case rate days-away fatal
2025 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2024 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2023 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2022 * 3.70 0.00 0.000
2021 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2020 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2019 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2018 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
* Fewer than 100,000 employee-hours that year; the rate is less stable.
Source: injury cases from MSHA accident and injury records; employee-hours from MSHA quarterly employment reports. Rate is cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers, operator employees only.
Ownership history
  1. Nolichuckey Sand Company Inc 1950 to 2002
  2. Vulcan Construction Materials, LLC 2002 to present
Source: MSHA controller and operator history, updated weekly.
Workforce and production
Year Employees
2026 24
2025 23
2024 28
2023 29
2022 29
2021 24
2020 18
2019 18
2018 18
2017 12
2016 14
2015 12
2014 11
2013 12
2012 12
2011 11
2010 10
2009 7
2008 5
2007 12
2006 13
2005 14
2004 17
2003 15
2002 15
2001 17
2000 17
Source: MSHA quarterly employment and production, updated weekly.

Greystone Sand & Gravel sits in Greene County, Tennessee, where the Census mining category is 0.5% of county employment.

Local economic context
County figures come from the US Census Bureau's American Community Survey, 5-year pooled estimates, so the 2023 vintage covers 2019 through 2023. The Census category is 'mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction', which is broader than MSHA jurisdiction and includes oil and gas workers no mine employs. These figures describe the surrounding county, not this mine, and are not a factor in any specific incident.
Greene County, Tennessee · Population 70,919
0.5%
Mining share of county employment
$54,071
Median household income
Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2023 5-year estimates.
Quarterly safety rates
Citations per million reported employee-hours. Rates begin in 2000, when MSHA's quarterly employment data starts; earlier incidents are counted but cannot be rate-adjusted. Quarters under 100,000 reported hours are greyed: too few hours for a stable rate.
Citations per million employee-hours, as reported to MSHA
Quarter Hours worked Citations S&S Per 1M hrs
2026 Q2 14,089 0 0 0.0
2026 Q1 12,408 0 0 0.0
2025 Q4 12,969 0 0 0.0
2025 Q3 13,946 0 0 0.0
2025 Q2 12,986 2 0 154.0
2025 Q1 12,013 0 0 0.0
2024 Q4 12,361 0 0 0.0
2024 Q3 13,488 1 1 74.1
Show 98 earlier quarters
Quarter Hours worked Citations S&S Per 1M hrs
2024 Q2 15,392 0 0 0.0
2024 Q1 15,859 0 0 0.0
2023 Q4 15,109 0 0 0.0
2023 Q3 16,272 1 0 61.5
2023 Q2 12,907 0 0 0.0
2023 Q1 14,052 0 0 0.0
2022 Q4 12,034 1 0 83.1
2022 Q3 14,024 0 0 0.0
2022 Q2 14,779 0 0 0.0
2022 Q1 13,237 1 0 75.5
2021 Q4 12,187 0 0 0.0
2021 Q3 12,409 0 0 0.0
2021 Q2 11,625 3 0 258.1
2021 Q1 9,316 0 0 0.0
2020 Q4 8,532 0 0 0.0
2020 Q3 10,509 0 0 0.0
2020 Q2 10,424 0 0 0.0
2020 Q1 8,351 0 0 0.0
2019 Q4 9,179 0 0 0.0
2019 Q3 10,793 0 0 0.0
2019 Q2 11,196 0 0 0.0
2019 Q1 10,293 1 0 97.2
2018 Q4 10,169 0 0 0.0
2018 Q3 12,457 0 0 0.0
2018 Q2 7,783 0 0 0.0
2018 Q1 6,423 0 0 0.0
2017 Q4 6,162 0 0 0.0
2017 Q3 7,499 0 0 0.0
2017 Q2 7,248 2 0 275.9
2017 Q1 6,513 0 0 0.0
2016 Q4 7,548 1 0 132.5
2016 Q3 8,300 0 0 0.0
2016 Q2 7,605 1 0 131.5
2016 Q1 5,965 0 0 0.0
2015 Q4 6,347 0 0 0.0
2015 Q3 6,676 0 0 0.0
2015 Q2 7,415 1 0 134.9
2015 Q1 5,328 0 0 0.0
2014 Q4 6,177 0 0 0.0
2014 Q3 6,887 0 0 0.0
2014 Q2 6,571 0 0 0.0
2014 Q1 5,341 0 0 0.0
2013 Q4 5,613 0 0 0.0
2013 Q3 6,292 0 0 0.0
2013 Q2 5,680 0 0 0.0
2013 Q1 5,704 0 0 0.0
2012 Q4 6,155 0 0 0.0
2012 Q3 6,888 0 0 0.0
2012 Q2 6,690 0 0 0.0
2012 Q1 6,400 0 0 0.0
2011 Q4 5,794 2 1 345.2
2011 Q3 6,966 0 0 0.0
2011 Q2 6,242 0 0 0.0
2011 Q1 5,558 0 0 0.0
2010 Q4 5,918 0 0 0.0
2010 Q3 5,980 0 0 0.0
2010 Q2 5,630 0 0 0.0
2010 Q1 1,557 0 0 0.0
2009 Q4 4,816 0 0 0.0
2009 Q3 3,469 0 0 0.0
2009 Q2 2,675 0 0 0.0
2009 Q1 2,464 0 0 0.0
2008 Q4 2,712 0 0 0.0
2008 Q3 3,027 0 0 0.0
2008 Q2 3,847 0 0 0.0
2008 Q1 3,421 1 0 292.3
2007 Q4 3,540 1 0 282.5
2007 Q3 7,710 0 0 0.0
2007 Q2 8,562 0 0 0.0
2007 Q1 7,147 0 0 0.0
2006 Q4 7,393 2 0 270.5
2006 Q3 8,542 0 0 0.0
2006 Q2 7,262 0 0 0.0
2006 Q1 7,211 0 0 0.0
2005 Q4 8,167 0 0 0.0
2005 Q3 7,962 0 0 0.0
2005 Q2 8,547 0 0 0.0
2005 Q1 8,024 0 0 0.0
2004 Q4 9,267 0 0 0.0
2004 Q3 12,914 0 0 0.0
2004 Q2 15,028 0 0 0.0
2004 Q1 15,168 1 0 65.9
2003 Q4 13,302 2 0 150.4
2003 Q3 9,944 3 0 301.7
2003 Q2 13,025 0 0 0.0
2003 Q1 9,757 0 0 0.0
2002 Q4 9,504 0 0 0.0
2002 Q3 6,622 0 0 0.0
2002 Q2 8,830 0 0 0.0
2002 Q1 9,358 1 0 106.9
2001 Q4 8,935 0 0 0.0
2001 Q3 10,334 3 0 290.3
2001 Q2 10,777 0 0 0.0
2001 Q1 11,460 1 0 87.3
2000 Q4 8,204 0 0 0.0
2000 Q3 12,087 3 0 248.2
2000 Q2 10,391 4 1 384.9
2000 Q1 8,713 0 0 0.0
No fatalities recorded at this mine.

Reportable incidents

10 on file

2023 · 1 incident

September 1, 2023 TN · Metal/Non-Metal laborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitman MACHINERY
Vulcan Construction Materials, LLC · Struck by... (Not Elsewhere Classified)

EE was using a Metabo with a 6&quot; cutting wheel to cut a piece of 2&quot; flat bar. While cutting the flat bar the Metabo kicked back off of the flat bar and the wheel struck EE in the leg just above EE's knee. EE was taken to the emergency room and received 5 staples. EE was released to return to work and will return to work the next work day.

2022 · 1 incident

June 29, 2022 TN · Metal/Non-Metal haul/off road/coal/ore/pit/quarry/rock/rubber tire truck driver, transportation truck driver POWERED HAULAGE
Vulcan Construction Materials, LLC · Struck against a moving object

EE was operating a haul truck and lowered the haul truck bed. EE claims when lowered it jarred EE's back.

2006 · 1 incident

February 1, 2006 TN · Metal/Non-Metal laborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitman SLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
Vulcan Construction Materials, LLC · Fall onto or against objects

The injured EE was in the process of installing screen sections at the #1 sand screen when he slipped and fell.

2005 · 1 incident

March 11, 2005 TN · Metal/Non-Metal maintenance man, mechanic, repair/serviceman, boilermaker, fueler, tire tech, field service tech SLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
Vulcan Construction Materials, LLC · Fall from ladders

The ee was on a ladder replacing pins and bushings on a loader. as he descended his foot slipped and upon contact with ground. he sprained his right ankle.

2004 · 1 incident

June 29, 2004 TN · Metal/Non-Metal haul/off road/coal/ore/pit/quarry/rock/rubber tire truck driver, transportation truck driver MACHINERY
Vulcan Construction Materials, LLC · Struck by falling object

WHILE PERFORMING REGULAR MAINTENANCE WORK, EMPLOYEE WAS STRUCK BY FALLEN ROCK ON BACK/RIGHT AND WRIST WHICH FELL FROM THE 8 X 24 DEISTER SCREEN.

1998 · 1 incident

March 23, 1998 TN · Metal/Non-Metal HANDTOOLS (NONPOWERED)
Nolichuckey Sand Company Inc · Struck by... (Not Elsewhere Classified)

USING PIPE WRENCH TO RELEASE PRESSURE SPRING IN CLEARAFIER STORED ENERGY ON SPRING CAUSED IT TO SPIT BACKWARD HITTING EMPLOYEE'S LEFT ARM.

1991 · 2 incidents

March 6, 1991 TN · Metal/Non-Metal bulldozer operator, universal operator, heavy equipment operator, operating engineer MACHINERY
Nolichuckey Sand Company Inc · Struck against a moving object

WAS UNLOADING A BULLDOZER OFF OF A LOWBOY. EMPLOYEE WAS HAVING BACK PROBLEMS AND GOING TO A CHIROPRACTOR. THE JOLT OF UNLOADING THE BULLDOZER CAUSED FURTHER DAMAGE TO BACK. THIS WAS REPORTED T O ME ON 4-5-91. HE IS NOW UNDER A MEDICAL DOCTOR'S CARE.

March 1, 1991 TN · Metal/Non-Metal warehouseman, bagger, palletizer/stacker, store keeper, packager, fabricator, cleaning plant operator HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Nolichuckey Sand Company Inc · Struck by falling object

WAS STACKING BEARING IN GARAGE, WHEN HE ACCIDENTLY DROP BEARING ON TOP OF LEFT FOOT. BRUISING UPER TOP OF FOOT BADLY.

1988 · 1 incident

1987 · 1 incident

May 7, 1987 TN · Metal/Non-Metal haul/off road/coal/ore/pit/quarry/rock/rubber tire truck driver, transportation truck driver STEPPING OR KNEELING ON OBJECT
Nolichuckey Sand Company Inc · Fall to the walkway or working surface

WAS WALKING TO 9UCLID STEPPED ON A ROCK WHICH ROLLED CAUED EE RO FALL STRIKING HIS TAILBONE.