Mining Incidents

Paw Paw 2: 812 MSHA citations Coal

Banner Blue Coal Company · Underground
Controlled by Metinvest B V
Hurley, VA, Pike County, KY  ·  Abandoned
MSHA Mine ID: 1519842

Paw Paw 2 has $422K in proposed MSHA penalties and $266 outstanding across 7 contested dockets, plus health sampling and the full incident record.

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Fatalities
0
Total incidents
24
Years on record
2019–2024
Latest incident
Oct 2024
Compliance record
MSHA citations since 2019
812
citations
113
significant & substantial
$421,577
proposed penalties
$410,801
paid to date
97% of proposed penalties paid to date, a $10,776 gap.
Source: MSHA violations data, updated weekly.
Inspection activity
MSHA inspections since 2018
124
inspections on record
10,309
inspection hours
7.9
citations per 100 inspection hours
This rate is recorded citations divided by MSHA inspection hours, per 100 hours. It reflects inspection effort, not mine size or production.
812 citations across 10,309 inspection hours.
Source: MSHA inspections data, updated weekly.
Imminent-danger orders
A Section 107(a) order removes miners from an area when an inspector finds an imminent danger. Each order is lifted once the condition is corrected, so this counts orders issued, not orders now in effect.
1
Section 107(a) orders
Most recent order: 2022-08-08.
On record since 2022.
Source: MSHA imminent-danger order records, updated weekly.

Paw Paw 2 has $422K in proposed MSHA penalties and $266 outstanding across 7 contested dockets.

Penalty disposition
Differences between proposed and paid penalties reflect both settlements and conference reductions and amounts still owed. Outstanding is the balance currently owed.
$422K
proposed penalties
$411K
current assessed
$411K
paid to date
$266
outstanding
808 assessments are final orders; 7 contested dockets.
Of $43K in penalties contested before the Commission, $32K was upheld in final decisions.
As of the most recent assessment on 2024-10-02.
Source: MSHA assessed-violations and conference/litigation data, updated weekly.
Violation severity profile
Shares are computed over citations that carry the MSHA gravity and negligence coding; a small share of records are uncoded.
14.0%
significant & substantial
2.4%
high negligence or reckless
14.1%
reasonably likely or greater
22.0%
permanently disabling or fatal if injury occurs
Negligence coding: 0.0% none, 30.4% low, 67.2% moderate, 2.4% high, 0.0% reckless.
Source: MSHA violations gravity and negligence coding, updated weekly.
When citations were contested
Contesting a citation before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission is a lawful right. These figures state the public outcomes of that process, from MSHA's Contested Violations file.
16 citations taken to the federal commission · 2% of citations on record
  • Settled 16 · 100%
100%
S&S designation survived the contest
Counts a Significant & Substantial citation as surviving when a settlement or judge's decision kept the designation, or the contest was dismissed or defaulted so the citation stands as issued. Vacated and withdrawn citations, and settlements that removed the designation, count against.
of 13 decided S&S contests · industry: 79%
25%
Penalty reduction in decided contests
$43K proposed, $32K after decisions · industry: 39%
Source: MSHA Contested Violations file (public record), updated weekly. A dismissed or defaulted contest leaves the citation standing as issued; a vacated or withdrawn citation is removed from the violation record. Latest contest filed 2022-11-07.
Contested penalties
A reduction or dismissal at the Commission is a lawful outcome of contesting a proposed penalty. Figures are the proposed amount and the amount upheld in the docket's decision.
Largest penalties this mine contested before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, with the outcome on record.
Docket Decision Judge Year Proposed / upheld
VA 2022-0021 Settlement Lewis 2022 $17K → $13K
VA 2022-0026 Settlement 2023 $7K → $6K
VA 2022-0013 Settlement 2022 $6K → $4K
VA 2023-0007 Settlement Moran 2023 $6K → $4K
VA 2022-0034 Settlement Young 2022 $2K → $2K
VA 2022-0017 Settlement Paez 2022 $2K → $2K
Source: FMSHRC civil penalty dockets and decisions (public record), updated weekly.

MSHA sampling at Paw Paw 2 shows 100% of 4,944 respirable coal dust samples met the 1.5 mg/m3 standard.

Health sampling
A sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.

Respirable coal dust
Respirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.

Last sampled: 2023-07-27, 3 years ago
100%
within 1.5 mg/m3
4,944
samples
2.72
dust max (mg/m3)
6
over MSHA ECV
The excessive concentration value (ECV) is MSHA's own per-sample enforcement threshold, which builds in measurement uncertainty; a sample over its ECV can trigger a citation. The count covers only samples MSHA assigned an ECV.
485 samples taken by MSHA inspectors, 4,459 by the operator.
Most-sampled occupations
  • SHUTTLE CAR OPERATOR (STANDARD SIDE)2,122
  • CONTINUOUS MINER OPERATOR1,154
  • ROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)1,115

Silica (quartz)

Last sampled: 2023-05-03, 3 years ago
5.3
silica avg (%)
285
samples
14.0
silica max (%)
Most-sampled occupations
  • SHUTTLE CAR OPERATOR (STANDARD SIDE)124
  • CONTINUOUS MINER OPERATOR73
  • ROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)68

Noise
The share counts noise samples whose measured dose exceeded the 90 dBA permissible exposure limit. It describes the sampled workplace, not what reached the miner's ear: hearing conservation programs and the hearing protection worn during the shift are recorded separately and are not reflected here.

Last sampled: 2022-10-20, 3 years ago
3%
over PEL
107
samples
Most-sampled occupations
  • SHUTTLE CAR OPERATOR (STANDARD SIDE)38
  • CONTINUOUS MINER OPERATOR20
  • ROOF BOLTER (TWIN HEAD) (RETURN SIDE)19
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly.
Health sampling trend
A sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.
Respirable coal dust by year
Respirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.
Year within 1.5 mg/m3 samples
2023 100% 501
2022 100% 1,520
2021 100% 1,626
2020 100% 1,002
2019 100% 295
Silica (quartz) by year
Year silica avg (%) samples
2023 4.2 26
2022 5.5 90
2021 5.3 94
2020 5.4 58
2019 6.0 17
Noise by year
Year over PEL samples
2022 0% 31
2021 4% 26
2020 0% 32
2019 11% 18
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly.

Paw Paw 2 recorded 4.11 reportable injury cases per 100 full-time workers in 2023.

Injury rate, 2023
This rate is reportable injury cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers per year, computed as 200,000 times cases divided by MSHA operator-reported employee-hours. Cases are injuries MSHA graded degree 01 through 07; accident-only events that hurt no one are excluded, and so are contractor injuries, whose hours do not attach to a single mine. Rates begin in 2000, when quarterly employment reporting starts, and are withheld below 20,000 hours in a year.
4.11
total case rate
2.74
days-away rate
0.000
fatality rate
Above average. The US coal mining average was 3.17 and the all-US-mining average was 2.10 cases per 100 workers.
In Kentucky, coal mining averaged 4.32 cases per 100 workers that year.
Year total case rate days-away fatal
2023 4.11 2.74 0.000
2022 2.31 1.85 0.000
2021 2.53 1.52 0.000
2020 6.20 5.32 0.000
2019 * 2.90 2.90 0.000
* Fewer than 100,000 employee-hours that year; the rate is less stable.
Source: injury cases from MSHA accident and injury records; employee-hours from MSHA quarterly employment reports. Rate is cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers, operator employees only.
Ownership history
  1. Banner Blue Coal Company 2018 to present
Source: MSHA controller and operator history, updated weekly.
Workforce and production
Coal production is reported quarterly and lags the current period; the most recent quarters may be incomplete.
Year Employees Coal produced (tons)
2024 2
2023 59 156,012
2022 174 408,917
2021 178 503,130
2020 101 386,635
2019 31 71,226
Source: MSHA quarterly employment and production, updated weekly.

Paw Paw 2 sits in Pike County, Kentucky, where the Census mining category is 5.1% of county employment.

Local economic context
County figures come from the US Census Bureau's American Community Survey, 5-year pooled estimates, so the 2023 vintage covers 2019 through 2023. The Census category is 'mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction', which is broader than MSHA jurisdiction and includes oil and gas workers no mine employs. These figures describe the surrounding county, not this mine, and are not a factor in any specific incident.
Pike County, Kentucky · Population 57,466
5.1%
Mining share of county employment
$42,179
Median household income
Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2023 5-year estimates.
Quarterly safety rates
Citations per million reported employee-hours. Rates begin in 2000, when MSHA's quarterly employment data starts; earlier incidents are counted but cannot be rate-adjusted. Quarters under 100,000 reported hours are greyed: too few hours for a stable rate.
Citations per million employee-hours, as reported to MSHA
Quarter Hours worked Citations S&S Per 1M hrs
2024 Q4 1,198 1 0 834.7
2024 Q2 336 0 0 0.0
2024 Q1 977 2 0 2047.1
2023 Q4 2,164 1 0 462.1
2023 Q3 13,082 3 0 229.3
2023 Q2 46,293 15 0 324.0
2023 Q1 84,353 37 3 438.6
2022 Q4 86,057 38 3 441.6
Show 15 earlier quarters
Quarter Hours worked Citations S&S Per 1M hrs
2022 Q3 118,033 97 19 821.8
2022 Q2 114,867 37 6 322.1
2022 Q1 113,180 55 8 486.0
2021 Q4 91,727 16 2 174.4
2021 Q3 103,569 91 20 878.6
2021 Q2 107,601 95 10 882.9
2021 Q1 91,722 107 18 1166.6
2020 Q4 59,791 72 3 1204.2
2020 Q3 62,444 43 5 688.6
2020 Q2 61,422 25 5 407.0
2020 Q1 42,022 21 1 499.7
2019 Q4 31,378 13 2 414.3
2019 Q3 27,669 10 2 361.4
2019 Q2 9,840 6 0 609.8
2019 Q1 0 0 0
No fatalities recorded at this mine.

Reportable incidents

24 on file

2024 · 1 incident

2023 · 3 incidents

January 16, 2023 KY · Coal shuttle car operator, mantrip operator, ramcar operator, rail runner, buggy operator POWERED HAULAGE
Banner Blue Coal Company · Caught in, under or between a moving and a stationary object

An employee was riding on the passenger side of a rubber tire personnel carrier. The personnel carrier was traveling on the rail/track. The ride slipped off of the track. The passenger employee had right hand on the side and under the carrier. At this time, the passenger employee's right hand got caught between the frame of the ride and the rail.

January 11, 2023 KY · Coal roof bolter, rock bolter, pinner, mobile roof support operator (mrs) MACHINERY
Banner Blue Coal Company · Over-exertion (Not Elsewhere Classified)

A roof bolter operator reported at the end of EE's shift that EE's left shoulder was strained earlier in the shift while installing rope bolts. The employee performed EE's regular duties throughout the shift.

January 7, 2023 KY · Coal utility man, errand boy, service truck operator FALL OF ROOF OR BACK
Banner Blue Coal Company · Struck by falling object

An owl shift utility worker was struck in the left arm by a piece of draw rock as EE attempted to drill a hole for bolt installation in the #3L crosscut. This resulted in three cuts to the left forearm that required 16 stitches.

2022 · 5 incidents

August 5, 2022 KY · Coal shuttle car operator, mantrip operator, ramcar operator, rail runner, buggy operator HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Banner Blue Coal Company · Over-exertion (Not Elsewhere Classified)

An employee was preparing to bend down to help take a fender off of a shuttle car when EE noticed a pain in EE's left knee. At this time a final diagnosis has not been determined.

June 28, 2022 KY · Coal laborer, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, roof trimmer/scaler MACHINERY
Banner Blue Coal Company · Struck by falling object

An employee received a cut on their right ring finger that required six stitches. EE was drilling a 10' hole to install a cable bolt. A piece of the drill steel fell out of the hole as EE was removing the steel and pinched the end of EE's finger.

March 15, 2022 KY · Coal master mechanic, foreman, supervisor POWERED HAULAGE
Banner Blue Coal Company · Struck against a moving object

An employee reported that they ran over a crib block in the #7 entry outby the #3 Section while operating a Lo-Trac. Employee reported that this caused them to bounce up off of the seat causing both numbness and cold feelings in their feet.

March 11, 2022 KY · Coal bull gang foreman, labor foreman, leadman, section foreman, shift boss HANDTOOLS (NONPOWERED)
Banner Blue Coal Company · Fall onto or against objects

A Foreman had connected a chain ratchet to the #2 belt conveyor and a previously installed pillar rib bolt in order to pull the belt over in the track entry for clearance. After pulling the slack out of the ratchet, a piece of rock that the rib bolt was anchored in came loose and forced EE into the belt conveyor resulting in a broken right femur.

January 17, 2022 KY · Coal miner, prospector, nec HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Banner Blue Coal Company · Struck by falling object

Two employees were carrying a roof bolter axle from the surface supply area into the motor barn. The injured employee laid their end of the axle on the fender of a personnel carrier. The axle fell off of the carrier and landed on the employee's left foot resulting in a broken left big toe.

2021 · 7 incidents

August 17, 2021 KY · Coal bull gang foreman, labor foreman, leadman, section foreman, shift boss EXPLODING VESSELS UNDER PRESSURE
Banner Blue Coal Company · Struck by... (Not Elsewhere Classified)

The employee had just installed an inline filtration system into the main waterline along the 2A belt flight. When the system was pressurized, a piece of 4" flexible line that was connected to the system blew apart, and the aluminum quick connect coupling on the end of the line struck the employee on right hand, resulting in a laceration that required sutures.

July 15, 2021 KY · Coal electrician, lineman HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Banner Blue Coal Company · Over-exertion in lifting objects

An employee felt a pop in EE's lower back while attempting to change out a pump motor insert on a continuous mining machine.

June 30, 2021 KY · Coal scoop tram operator, load/haul/dump operator ELECTRICAL
Banner Blue Coal Company · Contact with electrical current

An employee received burns to both forearms when the employee attempted to put a set of scoop batteries on charge. The cathead shorted.

June 8, 2021 KY · Coal bull gang foreman, labor foreman, leadman, section foreman, shift boss HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Banner Blue Coal Company · Over-exertion in lifting objects

An employee felt a sharp pain in their lower back while loading cans of hydraulic oil onto a small personnel carrier.

May 14, 2021 KY · Coal electrician, lineman MACHINERY
Banner Blue Coal Company · Caught in, under or between a moving and a stationary object

An contractor employee received cuts that required stitches to the right hand pointer and middle finger when EE's right hand was caught between a raised lid on the continuous miner and the mine roof. The contractor was attempting to troubleshoot to find if there were any leaks as another employee raised the miner head which caused the lid to raise up.

April 14, 2021 KY · Coal beltman, conveyor man, conveyor belt worker, mobile bridge carrierman, feeder operator, conveyor rider FALL OF FACE/RIB/PILLAR/SIDE/HIGHWALL
Banner Blue Coal Company · Struck by rolling or sliding object

An employee was attempting to remove a ventilation stopping when a piece of rib that the stopping was supporting rolled onto the employee's left foot causing a bruise.

January 27, 2021 KY · Coal FALL OF ROOF OR BACK
Banner Blue Coal Company · Accident type, without injuries

A roof fall above anchorage occurred on the active 001 MMU. The fall occurred in the intersection of the #2 heading four crosscuts on to the #3B Panel. The fall was dangered off with timbers and cribs. A 35C scoop was covered up by the fall.

2020 · 7 incidents

October 14, 2020 KY · Coal laborer, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, roof trimmer/scaler OTHER
Banner Blue Coal Company · Bodily reaction, (Not Elsewhere Classified)

The employee had crossed the belt to clean the #2A tailpiece. While walking toward the tailpiece, EE felt a "pop" in the right knee. Medical examinations revealed a torn anterior cruciate ligament that had been torn previously while playing high school football.

October 9, 2020 KY · Coal bull gang foreman, labor foreman, leadman, section foreman, shift boss FALL OF FACE/RIB/PILLAR/SIDE/HIGHWALL
Banner Blue Coal Company · Struck by rolling or sliding object

While observing the mining process, a dayshift section foreman was struck by a section of mine rib measuring 54" long by 25" wide and 6" to 9" thick.

September 17, 2020 KY · Coal shuttle car operator, mantrip operator, ramcar operator, rail runner, buggy operator FALL OF FACE/RIB/PILLAR/SIDE/HIGHWALL
Banner Blue Coal Company · Struck by... (Not Elsewhere Classified)

A shuttle car operator was struck by a section of the rib while loading coal behind the continuous miner. The rib was knocked loose by the deck of the shuttle car that the miner was operating.

July 13, 2020 KY · Coal electrician, lineman OTHER
Banner Blue Coal Company · Bodily reaction, (Not Elsewhere Classified)

The employee was attempting to crawl from the #9 entry to the #10 entry through the bolted but uncleaned crosscut to work on tracking and communication. EE felt a pop in lower back resulting in a strain.

June 9, 2020 KY · Coal shuttle car operator, mantrip operator, ramcar operator, rail runner, buggy operator FALL OF ROOF OR BACK
Banner Blue Coal Company · Struck by falling object

The employee was struck on the left leg by a section of mine roof while they were cleaning out the operator's deck of a shuttle car.

March 5, 2020 KY · Coal roof bolter, rock bolter, pinner, mobile roof support operator (mrs) SLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
Banner Blue Coal Company · Fall from machine

An employee fell to the ground while attempting to cross over the section belt as the group was conducting a power move. The fall resulted in a torn right meniscus.

January 12, 2020 KY · Coal roof bolter, rock bolter, pinner, mobile roof support operator (mrs) SLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
Banner Blue Coal Company · Over-exertion (Not Elsewhere Classified)

The roof bolter started in a standing position at the inch tram location of the roof bolter. EE dropped down to both knees to re-position the roof bolter. When EE dropped down, EE twisted left ankle resulting in what was originally diagnosed as a sprained ankle.

2019 · 1 incident

July 20, 2019 KY · Coal scoop tram operator, load/haul/dump operator HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Banner Blue Coal Company · Caught in, under or between a moving and a stationary object

The employee was working on the operator side of the roof bolter in the kneeling position. EE attempted to raise himself up by place a hand on top of the drill station canopy and lifting. The employee states that with the left hand on the canopy, the canopy slide moved and injured the middle finger on their left hand.