citations per 100 inspection hours
ⓘThis rate is recorded citations divided by MSHA inspection hours, per 100 hours. It reflects inspection effort, not mine size or production.
139 citations across 1,217 inspection hours.
Source: MSHA inspections data, updated weekly.
Rawhide has $16K in proposed MSHA penalties and $2K outstanding across 5 contested dockets.
Penalty disposition
ⓘDifferences between proposed and paid penalties reflect both settlements and conference reductions and amounts still owed. Outstanding is the balance currently owed.
$16K
proposed penalties
$15K
current assessed
$13K
paid to date
$2K
outstanding
136 assessments are final orders; 5 contested dockets.
Of $9K in penalties contested before the Commission, $8K was upheld in final decisions.
As of the most recent assessment on 2008-12-29.
Source: MSHA assessed-violations and conference/litigation data, updated weekly.
Violation severity profile
ⓘShares are computed over citations that carry the MSHA gravity and negligence coding; a small share of records are uncoded.
Source: MSHA violations gravity and negligence coding, updated weekly.
When citations were contested
ⓘContesting a citation before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission is a lawful right. These figures state the public outcomes of that process, from MSHA's Contested Violations file.
50citations taken to the federal commission · 36% of citations on record
Settled
35 · 70%
Stood as issued
15 · 30%
100%
S&S designation survived the contest
ⓘCounts a Significant & Substantial citation as surviving when a settlement or judge's decision kept the designation, or the contest was dismissed or defaulted so the citation stands as issued. Vacated and withdrawn citations, and settlements that removed the designation, count against.
of 15 decided S&S contests · industry: 79%
11%
Penalty reduction in decided contests
$9K proposed, $8K after decisions · industry: 39%
Source: MSHA Contested Violations file (public record), updated weekly. A dismissed or defaulted contest leaves the citation standing as issued; a vacated or withdrawn citation is removed from the violation record. Latest contest filed 2009-03-16.
Contested penalties
ⓘA reduction or dismissal at the Commission is a lawful outcome of contesting a proposed penalty. Figures are the proposed amount and the amount upheld in the docket's decision.
Largest penalties this mine contested before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, with the outcome on record.
MSHA sampling at Rawhide shows 99% of 91 respirable coal dust samples met the 1.5 mg/m3 standard.
Health sampling
ⓘA sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.
Respirable coal dust
ⓘRespirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.
Last sampled: 2008-12-15, 17 years ago
99%
within 1.5 mg/m3
91
samples
6.15
dust max (mg/m3)
91 samples taken by MSHA inspectors, 0 by the operator.
Noise
ⓘThe share counts noise samples whose measured dose exceeded the 90 dBA permissible exposure limit. It describes the sampled workplace, not what reached the miner's ear: hearing conservation programs and the hearing protection worn during the shift are recorded separately and are not reflected here.
Health sampling trend
ⓘA sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.
Respirable coal dust by year
ⓘRespirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.
Rawhide recorded 6.61 reportable injury cases per 100 full-time workers in 2008.
Injury rate, 2008
ⓘThis rate is reportable injury cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers per year, computed as 200,000 times cases divided by MSHA operator-reported employee-hours. Cases are injuries MSHA graded degree 01 through 07; accident-only events that hurt no one are excluded, and so are contractor injuries, whose hours do not attach to a single mine. Rates begin in 2000, when quarterly employment reporting starts, and are withheld below 20,000 hours in a year.
6.61
total case rate
6.61
days-away rate
0.000
fatality rate
Above average. The US coal mining average was 4.41 and the all-US-mining average was 3.61 cases per 100 workers.
In West Virginia, coal mining averaged 4.91 cases per 100 workers that year.
Under 100,000 employee-hours were reported that year, so a single case moves the rate by two or more. Read the figure as approximate.
Year
total case rate
days-away
fatal
2008 *
6.61
6.61
0.000
2007 *
0.00
0.00
0.000
2006 *
2.56
2.56
0.000
2005 *
6.78
6.78
0.000
2004 *
0.00
0.00
0.000
2002 *
6.66
6.66
0.000
2001 *
0.00
0.00
0.000
2000 *
3.63
3.63
0.000
* Fewer than 100,000 employee-hours that year; the rate is less stable.
Source: injury cases from MSHA accident and injury records; employee-hours from MSHA quarterly employment reports. Rate is cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers, operator employees only.
Source: MSHA controller and operator history, updated weekly.
Workforce and production
Year
Employees
2009
29
2008
28
2007
30
2006
35
2005
40
2004
46
2003
48
2002
43
2001
39
2000
28
Source: MSHA quarterly employment and production, updated weekly.
Rawhide sits in Upshur County, West Virginia, where the Census mining category is 5.1% of county employment.
Local economic context
ⓘCounty figures come from the US Census Bureau's American Community Survey, 5-year pooled estimates, so the 2023 vintage covers 2019 through 2023. The Census category is 'mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction', which is broader than MSHA jurisdiction and includes oil and gas workers no mine employs. These figures describe the surrounding county, not this mine, and are not a factor in any specific incident.
Upshur County, West Virginia · Population 23,758
5.1%
Mining share of county employment
$51,859
Median household income
Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2023 5-year estimates.
Quarterly safety rates
ⓘCitations per million reported employee-hours. Rates begin in 2000, when MSHA's quarterly employment data starts; earlier incidents are counted but cannot be rate-adjusted. Quarters under 100,000 reported hours are greyed: too few hours for a stable rate.
Citations per million employee-hours, as reported to MSHA
Employee was lifting samples off of sampling platform onto truck from ladder. Left boot got stuck on ladder while turning to put samples onto truck and twisted left knee.
March 17, 2008WV · Coalmaintenance man, mechanic, repair/serviceman, boilermaker, fueler, tire tech, field service techSLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
A mack tri-axle dump truck was backed into the shop for service work. Employee walked in front of the truck. The truck driver started the motor with the truck in gear and the truck moved forward pinning employee between the truck bumper and the garage door.
2005 · 4 incidents
September 27, 2005WV · Coalcar dropper, car shake out operatorPOWERED HAULAGE
EE #1 was loading a RR car underneath the loading glove. EE #2 was above the loading chute preparing to bring more empty cars from the storage area. While letting the air off the first empty RR cars, they took off down the track. These runaway cars struck the car being loaded under the chute knocking EE #1 off of the car. The collision resulted in fracture of his right foot.
August 3, 2005WV · Coallaborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitmanPOWERED HAULAGE
HE WAS GETTING OUT OF TRUCK TO SEE IF COAL HAD RUN DOWN BIN. HE SLIPPED TRYING TO STAY OUT OF MUD AND FELL. HE WORKED DRIVING TRUCK UNTIL 4:00 PM. WHEN HE CAME IN WITH TRUCK HE SAID HIS LEFT K NEE HURT.
February 13, 2003WV · Coalbrakeman, roperider, car runner, spotterman, snapper, trip rider, car rider, flagmanMACHINERY
EE WAS TRYING TO UNTANGLE A PULL CABLE FROM BENEATH AND ADJACENT RR CAR. THE CABLE WAS BEING PULLED BY A D9 DOZER. THE DOZER OPERATOR DID NOT SEE THE EMPLOYEE AND PULLED THE DOZER FORWARD, THU S PUTTING TENSION ON THE CABLE. THE CABLE PINNED THE EMPLOYEE TO THE SIDE OF THE RR CAR INJURING HIS STOMACH AND BACK. THE DOZER OPERATOR LOOKED BACK AND IMMEDIATELY RELEASED TENSION ON CABLE
2002 · 3 incidents
October 11, 2002WV · Coalmaintenance man, mechanic, repair/serviceman, boilermaker, fueler, tire tech, field service techSLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
EE WAS WORKING ON A D68 DOZER ATTEMPTING TO LOCATE AN OIL LEAK. EE WAS STANDING ON TOP OF DOZER TRACKS AND LOST HIS FOOTING. HE FELL APPROX. 4 FT HE ATTEMPTED TO BREAK HIS FALL BY USING HIS AR MS AND HANDS HIS LEFT FOREARM FRACTURED WHEN STRIKING THE CONCRETE FLOOR.
EMPLOYEE WAS DRIVING A TRACTOR TRAILER LOADED WITH COAL. AS HE WAS RAISING HIS BED, HIS TAILGATE DID NOT OPEN. HE TOOK A PRY PAR AND ATTEMPTED TO PRY OPEN THE TAILGATE. THE PRY BAR SLIPPED, ST RIKING HIM IN THE STOMACH.
March 11, 2002WV · Coallaborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitmanSLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
EE WAS ATTEMPTING TO UNPLUG CRUSHER. HE WAS STANDING ON TOP OF PLATFORM. HE STEPPED OFF OF PLATFORM, & FELL BACKWARDS, STRIKING HIS LOWER BACK ON HANDRAIL.
EE WAS ASCENDING A HILL TO REFUSE SITE WITH HIS INITIAL TRIP. HE DROVE APPROX. 500 FT. WHEN THE OUTPUT SHAFT BROKE COMING OUT OF THE TRANSMISSION. THE TRUCK STARTED COMING OFF THE HILL BACKWAR DS AND UPSET OVER A SMALL EMBANKMENT. EE WAS TAKEN TO ST JOSEPH'S HOSPITAL WHERE IT WAS FOUND OUT HE HAD TWO BROKEN RIBS.
1999 · 1 incident
April 7, 1999WV · Coalhaul/off road/coal/ore/pit/quarry/rock/rubber tire truck driver, transportation truck driverHANDLING OF MATERIALS
EE WAS INSIDE OF SHOP OBSERVING ANOTHER EE CUTTING A DRUM. VAPORS EXPANDED INSIDE OF DRUM CAUSING THE DRUM TO BURST. THE LOUD NOISE CAUSED EE'S EARS TO HURT.
June 8, 1998WV · Coallaborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitmanHANDLING OF MATERIALS
EE WAS PICKING WOOD AND METAL OUT OF COAL THAT WAS BEING TRUCKED IN FROM A RAILROAD DEREAILMENTAT FREACHTON. EE HOOKED A PIECE OF CABLE ON A 992 BUCKET TO PULL OUT THE COAL. CABLE SLIPPED OFF BUCKET AND HIT EE ON THE ANKLE AREA
EE HAD TO GO TO RESTROOM AND DID NOT HAVE TIME TO GO DOWN PROPER WALKWAYS. HE WENT TO TAKE A SHORT CUT OVER EMBANKMENT, SLIPPED AND TWISTED AND BROKE BONES IN ANKLE.
June 18, 1997WV · Coallaborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitmanSLIP OR FALL OF PERSON
PREPARATION FOR LOADING A TRAIN, HE WAS CLOSEINGCAR BOTTOMS. THE BAR USED IN DOING THIS SLIPPED FROM HIS HAND AND HE SLIPPED AND CAUGHT HIS FOOT BETWEEN TWO RAILROAD TIES. HIS ANKLE TURNED AND SNAPPED.
February 22, 1994WV · Coalwarehouseman, bagger, palletizer/stacker, store keeper, packager, fabricator, cleaning plant operatorNONPOWERED HAULAGE
WAS MOVING A DOLLY HOLDING OXYLACET TANKS WHEEL OF DOLLY CAUGHT IN GRATING & TANKS TIPPED BACK WAS PULLED & CART WHEN HE GRABBED TANKS TO KEEP THEM FROM FALLING
1993 · 4 incidents
December 29, 1993WV · Coalmaintenance man, mechanic, repair/serviceman, boilermaker, fueler, tire tech, field service techHANDLING OF MATERIALS
WAS OPERATING A MAGNETIC BASE DRILL AND BIT HUNG UP CAUSING THE DRILL TO BREAK LOOSE AND SWING, HITTING BOTH ANKLES. HE SAID HE DIDN'T NEED TO GO TO THE HOSPITAL. DUE TO LACK OF WORK HE WAS LE T GO 9-18-92. ON 10-1-92, HE WENT TO THE DOCTOR, BECAUSE HE SAID HIS ANKLES STILL HURT.
August 22, 1992WV · Coallaborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitmanHANDLING OF MATERIALS
DRIVING GOB TRUCK HOIST ON BED BROKE WHEN BED WAS RAISED. THE BED SHIFTED AND TWISTED OVER ON SIDE THE TRUCK BOUNCED AND HOIST LEVER RAMMED DRIVER IN BUTTOCKS AREA CAUSING CONTUSION OF PERINEU M AND HEMATOME TO SCROTUM.
May 16, 1992WV · Coallaborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitmanHANDLING OF MATERIALS