Kingston No 1 Coal

Employee stated that on 9/27/2019, while operating a grinder, a small sliver of metal struck EE's left eye. This incident wasn't reported until 10/07/2019. The employee received medical treatment for the left eye, also on 10/7/2019. The incident became reportable at the time of the treatment. The employee did not miss any days work and had no restrictions from the doctor.

Employee has been diagnosed with simple occupational pneumoconiosis

Employee stated that while lifting a toolbox off of the battery lid of a rubber tired ride on 07/17/2019, they strained abdominal region. The employee reported this incident on 07/18/2019. The employee was later diagnosed with a hernia and was treated for this issue on 10/1/2019. The employee did not miss any scheduled work and has no restrictions from thier doctor.

An unplanned roof fall occurred in the left return. #1 entry at #1 break at the Town Creek portal.

While changing out a belt stand, employee pinched right hand between belt rail and stand resulting in stitches.

Employee has been diagnosed with simple workers pneumoconiosis

Employee has been diagnosed with workers pneumoconiosis.

Employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pnemoconiosis.

While attempting to pull a rib, a piece broke off, causing the slate bar to jerk which resulted in a strained left shoulder to the employee. The employee continued to perform EE's normal job duties until rotator cuff surgery was done on 03/20/2019.

Employee states that while operating the continuous mining machine, a piece of debris was blown into right eye by the machine's scrubber fan. Employee finished shift and went to ER for treatment. Employee's right eye was flushed out and was treated with antibiotic eye drops.

EE state that while fire bossing the #8 belt entry EE's head glanced off of the mine roof. EE notified the mine dispatcher approx. 10 minutes later. EE was met by EMT's at the #7 belt drive but refused initial treatment. EE was taken outside and transported to a hospital via ambulance. CT/MRI results show degenerative disease and arthritis affecting cervical vertebrae.

Employee stated that EE strained EE's shoulder while using a slate bar to pull a coal rib. Employee continued to work until July 16, 2018 before going off work due to the injury.

Employee was using a sledgehammer to change out a planetary on a continuous miner. While striking the planetary, a sliver of metal struck the employee in the left thigh. The sliver embedded in EE's left thigh. The employee finished the shift and did not miss any time. The employee, then had the metal sliver surgically removed on 09/06/2018. No work shifts were missed.

Employee was injured when the #4 belt conveyor EE was crossing started suddenly, which caused EE to fall resulting in a dislocation to the little finger on left hand.

Employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pneumoconiosis

Employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pneumoconiosis.

Employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pneumoconiosis

Employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pneumoconiosis

Employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pneumoconiosis.

An unplanned roof fall has occurred from spad #47134 for two breaks in the eastern direction on Point Mains. This area is in the return air course and does not effect the ventilation to the working section. It also does not impede the weekly exam. This location is in an area in which no employees are currently working.

An unplanned roof fall had occurred from spad #47168 for two cross cuts in the northern direction. This area is in the return aircourse and does not affect the ventilation to the working section. It also does not impede the weekly exam. This location is in an area in which no employees are currently working.

An unplanned roof fall had occurred from Spad# 47069, 47070, 47127, and 47144 (covering three cross cuts). Another unplanned roof fall had occurred from spad#47099 to 47100. These areas are in the neutral airway and do not affect the ventilation to the working section. These locations are in an area in which there are no employees currently working.

Employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pneumoconiosis.

Employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pnemoconiosis

EE has been diagnosed with Occupational Pneumoconiosis

After helping move the continuous miner, the employee was walking back to their shuttle car when they stepped in a hole resulting in them twisting their knee.

Went to install inside bolt and foot got stuck on a rock. Operator felt pain in top of right foot.

Employee was going to put oil in drill pump. EE was using a pick hammer to put hole in top of oil can when hammer struck left hand causing puncture.

Employee was doing work at Kingston #1 mine in Mossy. EE was carrying a rail bender with another person when they came to a low spot. Employee turned head to the side and felt pain. EE dropped rail bend and fell to ground.

Employee was removing band from top rollers on a pallet. One top roller fell off and smashed left middle finger resulting in a laceration that required 5 sutures.

Employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pneumoconiosis. The Safety Department was notified on 6/6/2016.

Employee was diagnosed with Occupational Hearing Loss. Employer was notified on 4/27/2016. Employee retired on 8/12/2015.

While traveling through the intake airlock doors, the employee struck EE's hardhat on a beam, the beam then hit EE's forehead which resulted in a laceration just above EE's right eyebrow.

While driving the permissible four wheeler, the employee hit a hole in the mine floor that caused the ride to drop and bounce. When the employee impacted the seat with EE's body EE strained EE's lower back.

An unplanned roof fall had occurred in the last open break crosscut between #2 and #2 punch-out entries (spad #s 46357 and 46358). The area is in the neutral airway and does not affect the ventilation to the working section. This location is in an area in which there are no employees currently working.

While trying to push a track switch closed, the contractor's right thumb was caught between the pointer rail and the main line rail.

The operator was notified on 12/17/2015 that the employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pneumoconiosis.

The operator was notified on 12/2/2015 that the employee has been diagnosed with Occupational Pneumoconiosis.

Backing up permissible ride, spare tire dislodged some rocks. The employee rolled out of the permissible ride and sustained a strain to his back.

Employee was making splice and while using a hammer to remove spindle, a piece of the hammer chipped striking employee on the left arm causing laceration. (Cut was glued)

On 9/21/15 management was made aware of the existence of a hernia. On 9/8/15 employee felt a pull/strain in his abdomen while holding up on a ratchet extension.

Employee inhaled gases from an arc flash that occurred at the power center.

Employee inhaled gases from an arc flash that occurred at the power center.

Employee was cutting a hole in a piece of belt with a hawkbill knife when knife slipped puncturing right thigh (received 5 stitches).

The operator has been notified that the employee has been diagnosed with occupational pneumoconiosis.

The operator has been notified that the employee has been diagnosed with occupational pneumoconiosis.

The operator has been notified that the employee has been diagnosed with an occupational hearing loss.

The operator has been notified that the employee has been diagnosed with occupational pneumoconiosis.

While trimming flappers on a belt splice, the employee was pulling hard to cut a piece of belt off when cut through and over extended his shoulder which caused something to pull in his shoulder. ( The employee did not begin missing work until 1/22/2016 )

Injured employee and a co-worker were hanging a cable in the #7 entry, when the injured employee felt a pop in the middle of his back on the left side.

The injury occurred on 06/16/2015. The operator was not notified until 06/19/2015, after the employee sought medical attention. Employee stated that he was working on a continuous miner when a small piece of metal became lodged between his middle finger and ring finger on his left hand.

Claim for Occupational Pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to coal dust.

The employee was changing directions in the shuttle car. His cable got caught around his foot, when the cable reel tighten the cable pulled his leg upward. This caused his leg to twist and cause pain to the back of his leg and lower back.

Employee bent down to pick up bit buckets by rib, when he raised to get up a piece of rock fell from corner and hit him in the hip and knee area. He was treated by section EMT-M and taken to surface where he was transported to hospital and diagnosed with a contusion to the knee area.

Scoop door became dislodged from scoop and hit mine floor. The door then hit operator in right side of hard hat. Scoop operator was taken to surface and transported to Raleigh General Hospital and diagnosed with a concussion.

Claim for Occupational pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to coal dust.

Claim for Occupational pneumoconiosis, due to exposed to coal dust.

Claim for Occupational Pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to coal dust.

Claim for Occupational Pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to coal dust.

Claim for Occupational Pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to mine coal dust.

Claim for occupational pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to mine coal dust.

Claim for occupational pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to mine coal dust.

Employee was exiting scoop and tripped and fell on a rock causing a laceration to his left thumb which resulted in five stitches.

Claim for occupational pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to coal dust.

Employee was operating a scoop and ran over a belt stand that was covered with mud and rock dust. The stand flipped up striking the operator in the right ear causing a laceration and a puncture wound behind ear to upper neck area. He was transported by ambulance to CAMC where x-rays and ct scans were negative. He received stitches for the lacerations.

Alleged exposure to mine coal dust, resulting in Occupational Pneumoconiosis

Claim for Occupational Pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to coal dust

Claim for Occupational Pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to coal dust

Employee was in scoop scooping up block. The bottom of the deck hit the rib, and the canopy broke loose striking employee in the head.

Claim for Occupational Pneumoconiosis, due to exposure to mine coal dust.

Alleged exposure to mine coal dust, resulting in Occupational Pneumoconiosis.

Employee was firebossing belts; He twisted his ankle while walking due to the uneven mine floor. He sought medical attention on 05/12/2014. He was given a full release at that time. He worked his next five scheduled shifts and was notified by Dr. on 05/21/2014 that he actually had a fractured bone in his foot.

Injuried was walking from office to motor barn slipped on ice and hurt his right shoulder. He did not miss any work until 5/8/14 when he went off for surgery.

Claim for occupational pneumoconiosis due to exposure to mine coal dust.

Occupational Pneumoconiosis

The injured got his right index finger mashed between a roof bolt plate and the top as he was installing a roof bolt

Kneeling near sheet metal that was being loaded by forklift, metal slipped off of forks and hit employee on top of left foot causing a fracture

Injured was loading bolt supplies and felt pain in his back. He continued working and received medical attention and returned to work on his next scheduled shift. He worked until 08/22/2013 and went off under DR care.

employee was attempting to dismount a cross over when he slipped and fell, he landed on his right shoulder causing an injury to his clavicle

This is an Occupational Illness report of Occupational Pneumoconiosis.

Employee walked into a shuttle car anchor (roof bolt), causing a strain or sprain to his neck.

employee was setting timbers, he was kneeling down and when he raised to get up he twisted his right knee

The employee is 39 yrs old with 9 yrs of mining experience. During the course of his normal work activities he reported pain in his knee. The employee was examined by an Orthopedic Surgeon and was diagnosed with Patella Femoral Syndrome associated with repetitive motion. This incident is being reported as an Occupational Illness

Dismounting bolter and twisted left knee

An EE for Contractor ID# 1VY Alex Energy, Inc. was on a reel trailer rolling fiber optic cable onto a reel, when he slipped and fell. Area was wet and muddy. The EE fell striking his tail bone on metal eye that was on top of a stabilizing jack.

notified of employees diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis

Employee was working with a coworker making a belt spice when his coworker accidentally struck his left hand with a hammer causing a fracture to his middle finger.

the injured was raising the promixity box on the side of the miner to check the panel, the box slipped from his hand and mashed the end of his thumb off.

Pulling a cable up for power move when it caught another cable and pulled it out of the plug, and caused a flash, the injured jump out of the way and hit the rib and dislocated.

A roof fall was discovered in old works 8 breaks in by EP 3-18 starting at spad 31738, in the # 7 entry, this is part of an existing fall it runs Approx. 300' and measure appox. 4' thick.

Injured was cutting a cable with a razor Knife the knife slipped and he cut his thumb

Bent over to lift a 6' timber to set it. Lifted timber twisted to set it and felt pain in his back.

While lifting a bag with 2 sets of come alongs in it the injured felt his should pop. It appeared to be out of socket.

Moving rock from the top of the scoop, the EE cut his index finger of his right hand when a piece broke off while he was applying pressure. 3 Stitches.

While repairing the dust section hose on the roof bolter, EE accidentally placed his left hand in a pinch point then lifted the head causing the leveling arms to smash his ring finger. He received several stitches to close the wound.REVISED Reports from WC show an amputation of the tip of the ring finger.

While dating up faces, employee slipped and twisted his knee. Went to doctor on 06/22/2011 but worked until 07/18/2011. On this date he began missing work in order to have it repaired.

EE was drilling a hole in order to bolt top and had a piece of drill steel break causing a laceration on his lips and cheek.

EE exercised Right of Part 90 Miner. EE was running scoop and wished to remain on the scoop as long as dust levels remain below 1.0 m/g. Records and current testing have stayed below this level. EE does not wish to be re-assigned at this time.

Employee was removing a piece of rock that had a sharp edge and cut his middle finger of his right hand. He received 6 stitches.

EE reported this accident to me on 9/20/10 and he states that he was trying to help hook rail car to the mantrip. He states he asked the driver to back up because he could not get the hook and his left hand was on the hook has the mantrip operator reversed. EE states the hook smashed his finger.

EE was changing a foot shaft on the #1 miner , as he lifted the foot shaft it slipped causing a burr on the metal to cut his left hand. EE rec. 12 stitches.

EE twisted his knee getting out of the mantrip in the motor barn outside the mine. He saw a doctor and was told he needed to have his knee repaired but due to blood pressure problems they would not schedule surgery until 7/26/10. He continued to work his normal shifts until that date. EE began missing work on 7/26/10 when he had the surgery.

EE was blocking off some unneeded shower heads and cut his thumb on his right hand. Three stitches were needed.

EE was taking a 3 wheel battery golf cart to the section when a chain fell from the oper. comp. Without thinking or stopping the ride, He reached out with his L. hand to retrieve the chain, ride went thru a low place in the roadway causing his L. middle finger on his L. hand to be caught between the ride & the mine floor. He broke his finger and 6 stitches were needed to close.

EE went to the section power center to re-set the #3 continuous miner breaker. The breaker went phase to phase and flash burned the back of his fingers on his left hand. This is a lost time accident.

Roof fall occurred in the neutral entry 25 crosscuts outby the face area. The fall was 42' long X 18' wide X 4'-5' high. It does not impead any travelways, intakes or returns. All routes to the affected area have been cribbed and timbered off. We do not plan to clean-up the fall. No persons were affected.

Injury was adjusting the forks on the A.L. Lee fork truck. With right fork raised to slide, he lost grip causing the fork to pinch the index finger on his right hand. He received six stitches in that finger.

Employee was diagnosed with black lung. Occupational illness.

Employee was diagnosed with black lung. Occupational Illness. Employee is on 1 section.

Injured was loading bolt supplies. Stood up to put bolts on the machine and felt sharp pain in right side of lower back.

Employee stated while changing batteries on scoop, cable was in a bind. Shoved kink back then applied pressure with hammer. Plug came loose and hit mouth. Busted mouth and damaged 4 front top teeth.

Picking up oil can, hand slipped and cut rt. index finger on oil can.

Stepped in hole in bottom and twisted left knee. We were unaware of medical treatment until contacted by Wells Fargo on 01/22/08 at which time a claim was filed. Also, we were not notified of surgery date until approximately 7 days prior to surgery.

Employee stated that his arm got caught in piece of top (belt) structure that he was loading into car. He stated it hyper-extended his right elbow.

Cutting shuttle car cable, he cut his left index finger.

Putting pin in foot jack, jack raised crushing rt. hand.

Putting bolt in drill, caught hand on bolt.

Bottom broke off canopy jack causing jack to fall striking him on the head.This man did not miss work for this injury until 04/26/07 and RTW 05/02/07.

Lt. foot slid under foot jack while roof bolting.

Fork on fork lift struck lt. foot. This was initially reported as bruised lt. foot. Did not receive diagnosis of fracture until 04/17/06.

Cut thumb with knife while preparing splice.

Draw rock fell and pinched hand against drill pot.

Truck loaded with coal was coming down the haul road from mine no. 1 to the plant which is a steep incline. Slippery road conditions caused the truck to lose traction. Upon regaining traction, 3 of 6 lugs broke releasing wheel. Driver attempted to go down the hill when the truck flipped over the bank.

Injured man was getting in his personal car to go home. Coal truck passing by on haul road from mine to plant let his left wheels get off the edge of road, causing truck to turn over on its side. Coal came out of the truck bed, striking injured man's car. The car moved striking the injured man's leg.

Slipped in mud, threw hand up to catch himself and caught fingers between ram and metal bar across back of ballast car.

Injured was striking chain w/hammer. Piece of flying metal struck employee.

Changing flat tire on 3-wheeler. Rock came loose from highwall outside of motor barn & struck injured in the head.

Throwing cable and felt pain in back and left leg. This did not become lost time until 01/26/05.

Roof fall due to mining right at 100 foot cover line close to outcrop. Knew top was getting surface cracks and some mud streaks so went ahead and moved section.

Tramming SC, hit hole, jarred body and injured lower back.

Injured was knocking bit out of miner. Bit broke off and piece lodged in back of left hand.

Cutting conduit on cable with knife and cut left little finger.

ROOF FALL BETWEEN SPAD NO. 11045 AND 11046 NO MEN OR EQUIPMENT INVOLVED.

Persistent shoulder pain due to repetitive motion from roof bolting. This employee did not begin missing work due to this condition until 01/04/05 at which time he had surgery on his shoulders.

EE WAS TAKING VALVES LOOSE ON ROOF BOLTER. ROOF BOLTER MOVED PINNING EE AGAINST THE TOP.

CUTTING PULL ROPE FOR MINER, HE JERKED ON KNIFE AND KNIFE SLIPPED OFF OF ROPE AND CUT HIS ARM.

STARTED DRILLING HOLE, TOP FELL STRIKING RIGHT ARM.

EE WAS MOVING CABLE OUT OF THE WAY & PULLED BACK.

INJURED WAS LOADING SHUTTLE CAR WHEN A PIECE OF ROCK WAS THROWN FROM CONVEYOR CHAIN OF MINER. ROCK STRUCK HIM ON LEFT CHEEK (FACE).

WHILE WALKING INJURED HIT A ROOF BOLT CAUSING HIM TO FALL TO THE GROUND LANDING ON RT. HAND.

DRIVING MAC 8. STEERING WHEEL SLIPPED OUT OF HAND HITTING BACK OF HAND W/KNOB.

LOADING STRUCTURE. PICKED UP STRUCTURE & TWISTED BACK.

INJURED WAS RIDING ON 3-WHEELER & HIT HEAD ON MINE ROOF. THIS WAS ORIGINALLY NLT. EE BEGAN MISSING WORK ON 10/09/02.

STARTING BOLT STEEL IN TOP. CHIPPED OUT PIECE OF ROCK. STRUCK RIGHT LITTLE FINGER.

REMOVING POT FROM MINER & SMASHED LT MIDDLE FINGER W/BAR.

INJURED WAS MOVING MINER CABLE OUT OF THE WAY. TWISTED TO THE SIDE WHILE REACHING DOWN TO MOVE CABLE.

EE WAS CLEANING, ALIGNING #2 SECTION BELT. HE STEPPED ON A PIECE OF COAL & TWISTED HIS LEFT KNEE.

HITTING CABLE CLAMP TOOL & HIT LEFT HAND WITH HAMMER.

PARKED SCOOP ON HILLSIDE, GOT OUT TO LOAD CANOPY, SCOOP DRIFTED CAUSING EMPLOYEE TO BE STRUCK BY CAOPIES IN SCOOP BUCKET.

GETTING ON PERMISSIBLE RIDE, STRUCK RT MIDDLE FINGER ON STEERING WHEEL.

EMPLOYEE WAS CUTTING A BAND ON A BUNDLE OF ROOF BOLTS WHEN THE BAND BROKE. THE BOLTS IN THE BUNDLE ROLLED OFF ONTO HIS HAND, PUSHING HIS HAND ONTO THE STRAP.

CUTTING METAL W/TORCHES. METAL/RUST IN RT EYE.

EE WAS BOLTING TOP ON WET UNEVEN BOTTOM AND TWISTED RT. KNEE AND HIT RIGHT SHOULDER. EE WAS ORIGINALLY NLT. BEGAN MISSING WORK 7-16-01 IN REGARD TO THIS INJURY.

EMPLOYEE WAS WORKING, MOVING MATERIAL ACROSS THE BELT. THE BELT STARTED, THROWING A PARTICLE INTO THE EMPLOYEE'S LEFT EYE.

HAULING COAL FROM #9 FACE. ROCK BROKE OFF CORNER & STRUCK LT. ARM.

LIFTED BELT WITH FORKLIFT. WENT UNDER BELT TO PUT STRUCTURE IN. RAISED UP STRAP TO TOP. HANGING DOWN AND CUT RIGHT EAR.

HANGING CABLES FROM 2 TO #4 POWER ENTRY. BACK STRAIN/UPPER. THIS WAS ORIGINALLY NLT & NOT REPORTABLE. EE DID NOT BEGIN MISSING WORK UNTIOL 3-12-01.

WATER ON RT. KNEE DUE TO BOLTING IN LOW COAL FOR A LONG PERIOD OF TIME.

GETTING LIGHT OFF A PIECE OF LIGHT CORD. STRUCK LOCK WITH HAMMER AND PIECED OF METAL STUCK IN RT HAND.

INJURED WAS WORKING ON COUPLING ON FEEDER. TRYING TO PUT BOOT IN USING HAMMER TO DRIVE. HAMMER HIT SIDE OF FEEDER, GLANCED OFF AND HIT THUMB.

EE WAS BUILDING A STOPPING WHEN HE SMASHED HIS FINGER.

REPLACING DRUMS ON MINER. SMASHED IT. MIDDLE FINGER BETWEEN HEAD AND DRUMS. THIS ACCIDENT WAS NOT REPORTED UNTIL 11-8-00.

EMPLOYEE WAS WALKING TO BUGGY WHEN PIECE OF WIRE HANGING FROM THE TOP TORE LEFT EAR.

WHILE PUTTING UP FLY BOARD, PIECE OF DRAW ROCK FELL & STRUCK RIGHT HAND & WRIST.

EE WAS PUTTING BOLT IN TORQUE SHAFT ON RIPPERHEAD ON MINER. PULLING ON TORQUE SHAFT WHEN PAIN OCCURRED.

DRILL STEEL STUCK IN CHUCK OF DRILL POT. INJURED WAS TRYING TO DRIVE STEEL OUT WITH A HAMMER. PIECE OF METAL FLEW OFF STRIKING GLASSES THEN FOREHEAD ABOVE LEFT EYE.

INJURED WAS TAKING DOWN BOLTER CABLE TO PULL UP SLACK. HE ACCIDENTALLY HIT CABLE TAKE-UP, CAUSING CABLE TO TAKE UP QUICKLY AND STRIKE HIM.

HITTING BIT WITH HAMMER IN ORDER TO CHANGE BIT. PIECE OF METAL FLEW UP & STRUCK ABOVE LEFT EYE- BROW.

ALLEGEDLY HIT HOLE IN ROADWAY WHILE OPERATING SHUTTLE CAR CAUSING BACK AND HIP TO ACHE. THIS CLAIM HAS BEEN SUBMITTED TO THE WV WORKERS COMP.

EE WAS INSPECTING CABLE AND BREAKER FOR SHUTTLE CAR. EE TRIPPED OVER CABLE AND STRUCK L KNEE ON MINE FLOOR.

ROOF FALL 1 BREAK INBY SPAD 5025 ON 4 RIGHT OFF SQUIRREL MAINS. NO MEN OR EQUIPMENT INVOLVED.

EE SAID HE WAS USING A BAR TO MOVE TRUCK OVER WHEN HE FELT A PAIN IN HIS BACK.

TRAMMING BOLTER TO INSTALL BOLTS. PIN CAME OUT FRONT R SIDE TRAM CHAIN. CHAIN BROKE STRIKING EE ON LT LEG

EMPLOYEE WAS OPENING THE AIRLOCK DOORS AT THE MOUTH OF THE #1 SECTION. HE OPENED THE LEFT SIDE DOOR AND PROPPED IT OPEN. WHEN HE WENT TO OPEN THE OTHER DOOR, THE PROP ON THE LEFT DOOR SLIPPED LOOSE, LETTING THE DOOR SWING CLOSED, CATCHING HIS ARM AND SHOULDER BETWEEN THE DOORS.

EE TRIED TO PICK UP END OF RAIL BY HIMSELF.

EE WAS INSTALLING 42" RESIN BOLTS. TWO-THREE INCHES OF DRAW ROCK FELL OUT WHEN HE STARTED DRILLING HOLE

EE HAD A UTILITY KNIFE HANGING ON HIS BELT WHILE CRAWLING UP #4 ENTRY. EE DID NOT KNOW BLADE WAS PUSH OUT. HE WAS CUT ON RIGHT LEG.

ROOFFALL AT SPAD NO. 1035. NO MEN OR EQUIPMENT WERE INVOLVED.

EE HAD A OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE BEFORE EMPLOYEMNT WITH KINGSTON MINING INC. EE HAS CARPAL TUNNEL IN HIS RIGHT HAND & WRIST LIFT WRIST & HAND