Mining Incidents

Saturn Surface Mine: 69 MSHA citations Coal

Onyx Energy, LLC · Surface
Matoka, Mercer County, WV  ·  NonProducing
MSHA Mine ID: 4609568

Saturn Surface Mine has $41K in proposed MSHA penalties and $15K outstanding across 5 contested dockets, plus health sampling and the full incident record.

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Fatalities
0
Total incidents
1
Years on record
2025
Latest incident
Dec 2025
Compliance record
MSHA citations since 2021
69
citations
18
significant & substantial
$40,851
proposed penalties
$10,915
paid to date
27% of proposed penalties paid to date, a $29,936 gap.
Source: MSHA violations data, updated weekly.
Inspection activity
MSHA inspections since 2021
22
inspections on record
815
inspection hours
n/a
citations per 100 inspection hours
This rate is recorded citations divided by MSHA inspection hours, per 100 hours. It reflects inspection effort, not mine size or production.
Rate withheld: 815 inspection hours is too few for a stable rate. A minimum of 1,000 inspection hours is required.
Source: MSHA inspections data, updated weekly.

Saturn Surface Mine has $41K in proposed MSHA penalties and $15K outstanding across 5 contested dockets.

Penalty disposition
Differences between proposed and paid penalties reflect both settlements and conference reductions and amounts still owed. Outstanding is the balance currently owed.
$41K
proposed penalties
$26K
current assessed
$11K
paid to date
$15K
outstanding
68 assessments are final orders; 5 contested dockets.
Of $26K in penalties contested before the Commission, $11K was upheld in final decisions.
As of the most recent assessment on 2026-02-09.
Source: MSHA assessed-violations and conference/litigation data, updated weekly.
Violation severity profile
Shares are computed over citations that carry the MSHA gravity and negligence coding; a small share of records are uncoded.
26.5%
significant & substantial
5.9%
high negligence or reckless
26.5%
reasonably likely or greater
63.2%
permanently disabling or fatal if injury occurs
Negligence coding: 0.0% none, 57.4% low, 36.8% moderate, 5.9% high, 0.0% reckless.
Source: MSHA violations gravity and negligence coding, updated weekly.
When citations were contested
Contesting a citation before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission is a lawful right. These figures state the public outcomes of that process, from MSHA's Contested Violations file.
13 citations taken to the federal commission · 19% of citations on record
  • Settled 13 · 100%
80%
S&S designation survived the contest
Counts a Significant & Substantial citation as surviving when a settlement or judge's decision kept the designation, or the contest was dismissed or defaulted so the citation stands as issued. Vacated and withdrawn citations, and settlements that removed the designation, count against.
of 10 decided S&S contests · industry: 79%
57%
Penalty reduction in decided contests
$26K proposed, $11K after decisions · industry: 39%
Source: MSHA Contested Violations file (public record), updated weekly. A dismissed or defaulted contest leaves the citation standing as issued; a vacated or withdrawn citation is removed from the violation record. Latest contest filed 2025-11-19.
Contested penalties
A reduction or dismissal at the Commission is a lawful outcome of contesting a proposed penalty. Figures are the proposed amount and the amount upheld in the docket's decision.
Largest penalties this mine contested before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, with the outcome on record.
Docket Decision Judge Year Proposed / upheld
WEVA 2024-0061 Settlement Lewis 2024 $15K → $4K
WEVA 2024-0062 Settlement Lewis 2024 $7K → $6K
WEVA 2024-0139 Settlement 2024 $2K → $376
WEVA 2026-0021 Settlement Paez 2026 $2K → $918
WEVA 2024-0169 Withdrawal Paez 2024 $0 → $0
Source: FMSHRC civil penalty dockets and decisions (public record), updated weekly.

MSHA sampling at Saturn Surface Mine shows 100% of 107 respirable coal dust samples met the 1.5 mg/m3 standard.

Health sampling
A sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.

Respirable coal dust
Respirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.

Last sampled: 2026-03-09
100%
within 1.5 mg/m3
107
samples
1.29
dust max (mg/m3)
0
over MSHA ECV
The excessive concentration value (ECV) is MSHA's own per-sample enforcement threshold, which builds in measurement uncertainty; a sample over its ECV can trigger a citation. The count covers only samples MSHA assigned an ECV.
52 samples taken by MSHA inspectors, 55 by the operator.
Most-sampled occupations
  • BULLDOZER OPERATOR52
  • HIGHWALL DRILL OPERATOR38
  • REFUSE TRUCK DRIVER/BACKFILL TRUCK DRIVE9

Silica (quartz)

Last sampled: 2026-02-10
9.1
silica avg (%)
20
samples
24.0
silica max (%)
Most-sampled occupations
  • BULLDOZER OPERATOR10
  • HIGHWALL DRILL OPERATOR10

Noise
The share counts noise samples whose measured dose exceeded the 90 dBA permissible exposure limit. It describes the sampled workplace, not what reached the miner's ear: hearing conservation programs and the hearing protection worn during the shift are recorded separately and are not reflected here.

Last sampled: 2026-02-09
0%
over PEL
26
samples
Most-sampled occupations
  • BULLDOZER OPERATOR10
  • HIGHWALL DRILL OPERATOR9
  • REFUSE TRUCK DRIVER/BACKFILL TRUCK DRIVE4
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly.
Health sampling trend
A sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.
Respirable coal dust by year
Respirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.
Year within 1.5 mg/m3 samples
2026 100% 10
2025 100% 20
2024 100% 16
2023 100% 19
2022 100% 29
2021 100% 13
Silica (quartz) by year
Year silica avg (%) samples
2026 2.5 1
2025 2.5 1
2024 10.0 5
2023 11.5 3
2022 11.0 7
2021 5.1 3
Noise by year
Year over PEL samples
2026 0% 6
2025 0% 5
2022 0% 10
2021 0% 5
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly.

Saturn Surface Mine recorded 0.00 reportable injury cases per 100 full-time workers in 2025.

Injury rate, 2025
This rate is reportable injury cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers per year, computed as 200,000 times cases divided by MSHA operator-reported employee-hours. Cases are injuries MSHA graded degree 01 through 07; accident-only events that hurt no one are excluded, and so are contractor injuries, whose hours do not attach to a single mine. Rates begin in 2000, when quarterly employment reporting starts, and are withheld below 20,000 hours in a year.
0.00
total case rate
0.00
days-away rate
0.000
fatality rate
No reportable injury cases in any year shown. Employee-hours were reported in each of those years, so these are true zeros rather than missing data. Citations, listed in the compliance record above, are inspector-found violations and are counted separately from worker injuries.
Below average. The US coal mining average was 3.19 and the all-US-mining average was 1.97 cases per 100 workers.
In West Virginia, coal mining averaged 3.89 cases per 100 workers that year.
Under 100,000 employee-hours were reported that year, so a single case moves the rate by two or more. Read the figure as approximate.
Year total case rate days-away fatal
2025 * 0.00 0.00 0.000
2024 0.00 0.00 0.000
2023 0.00 0.00 0.000
2022 0.00 0.00 0.000
* Fewer than 100,000 employee-hours that year; the rate is less stable.
Source: injury cases from MSHA accident and injury records; employee-hours from MSHA quarterly employment reports. Rate is cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers, operator employees only.
Ownership history
  1. Onyx Energy, LLC 2019 to present
  2. Stacy Equipment and Repairs, Incorporated 2025 to 2026
Source: MSHA controller and operator history, updated weekly.
Workforce and production
Coal production is reported quarterly and lags the current period; the most recent quarters may be incomplete.
Year Employees Coal produced (tons)
2026 11 13,861
2025 28 82,791
2024 42 148,024
2023 42 218,371
2022 42 271,170
2021 27 91,992
Source: MSHA quarterly employment and production, updated weekly.

Saturn Surface Mine sits in Mercer County, West Virginia, where the Census mining category is 1.9% of county employment.

Local economic context
County figures come from the US Census Bureau's American Community Survey, 5-year pooled estimates, so the 2023 vintage covers 2019 through 2023. The Census category is 'mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction', which is broader than MSHA jurisdiction and includes oil and gas workers no mine employs. These figures describe the surrounding county, not this mine, and are not a factor in any specific incident.
Mercer County, West Virginia · Population 59,062
1.9%
Mining share of county employment
$47,799
Median household income
Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2023 5-year estimates.
Quarterly safety rates
Citations per million reported employee-hours. Rates begin in 2000, when MSHA's quarterly employment data starts; earlier incidents are counted but cannot be rate-adjusted. Quarters under 100,000 reported hours are greyed: too few hours for a stable rate.
Citations per million employee-hours, as reported to MSHA
Quarter Hours worked Citations S&S Per 1M hrs
2026 Q2 7,510 0 0 0.0
2025 Q4 3,098 0 0 0.0
2025 Q3 6,174 3 1 485.9
2025 Q2 33,156 0 0 0.0
2025 Q1 36,801 9 5 244.6
2024 Q4 35,721 0 0 0.0
2024 Q3 33,270 1 0 30.1
2024 Q2 25,377 3 0 118.2
Show 11 earlier quarters
Quarter Hours worked Citations S&S Per 1M hrs
2024 Q1 25,912 7 2 270.1
2023 Q4 24,397 1 0 41.0
2023 Q3 30,290 1 0 33.0
2023 Q2 29,648 4 0 134.9
2023 Q1 32,605 1 0 30.7
2022 Q4 32,838 7 0 213.2
2022 Q3 30,912 0 0 0.0
2022 Q2 28,762 3 1 104.3
2022 Q1 27,175 4 0 147.2
2021 Q4 22,988 0 0 0.0
2021 Q3 6,265 2 0 319.2
No fatalities recorded at this mine.

Reportable incidents

1 on file

2025 · 1 incident

December 30, 2025 WV · Coal laborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitman HANDLING OF MATERIALS
Stacy Equipment and Repairs, Incorporated · Over-exertion (Not Elsewhere Classified)

Stemming for a shot, ground was frozen, shoveling was tough, hit something solid and the impact jolted right wrist - filled statement out on 1/8/26