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William D Humphreys: 1,581 MSHA citations controller

MSHA controller ID: C01665

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Fatalities
0
Total incidents
472
Mines on record
11
Years on record
1983–2025
Compliance record
MSHA citations since 2000
1,581
citations
623
significant & substantial
$915,009
proposed penalties
$457,121
paid to date
50% of proposed penalties paid to date, a $457,888 gap.
Source: MSHA violations data, updated weekly.
Inspection activity
MSHA inspections since 2000
713
inspections on record
24,175
inspection hours
6.5
citations per 100 inspection hours
ⓘ This rate is recorded citations divided by MSHA inspection hours, per 100 hours. It reflects inspection effort, not mine size or production.
1,581 citations across 24,175 inspection hours.
Source: MSHA inspections data, updated weekly.
Penalty disposition
ⓘ Differences between proposed and paid penalties reflect both settlements and conference reductions and amounts still owed. Outstanding is the balance currently owed.
$915K
proposed penalties
$457K
current assessed
$457K
paid to date
$0
outstanding
1,573 assessments are final orders; 108 contested dockets.
Of $715K in penalties contested before the Commission, $258K was upheld in final decisions.
As of the most recent assessment on 2026-04-01.
Source: MSHA assessed-violations and conference/litigation data, updated weekly.
Violation severity profile
ⓘ Shares are computed over citations that carry the MSHA gravity and negligence coding; a small share of records are uncoded.
39.6%
significant & substantial
2.3%
high negligence or reckless
40.0%
reasonably likely or greater
35.8%
permanently disabling or fatal if injury occurs
Negligence coding: 0.1% none, 19.3% low, 78.3% moderate, 2.3% high, 0.0% reckless.
Source: MSHA violations gravity and negligence coding, updated weekly.
Injury rate, 2025
ⓘ This rate is reportable injury cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers per year, computed as 200,000 times cases divided by MSHA operator-reported employee-hours. Cases are injuries MSHA graded degree 01 through 07; accident-only events that hurt no one are excluded, and so are contractor injuries, whose hours do not attach to a single mine. Rates begin in 2000, when quarterly employment reporting starts, and are withheld below 20,000 hours in a year.
3.54
total case rate
3.54
days-away rate
0.000
fatality rate
Above average. The US coal mining average was 3.19 and the all-US-mining average was 1.97 cases per 100 workers.
Under 100,000 employee-hours were reported that year, so a single case moves the rate by two or more. Read the figure as approximate.
Year total case rate days-away fatal
2025 * 3.54 3.54 0.000
2024 * 2.48 0.00 0.000
2023 * 6.34 0.00 0.000
2022 0.00 0.00 0.000
2021 2.96 2.96 0.000
2020 2.82 2.82 0.000
2019 2.37 2.37 0.000
2018 3.58 3.58 0.000
* Fewer than 100,000 employee-hours that year; the rate is less stable.
Source: injury cases from MSHA accident and injury records; employee-hours from MSHA quarterly employment reports. Rate is cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers, operator employees only.
Health sampling
ⓘ A sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.

Respirable coal dust
ⓘ Respirable coal dust and silica figures cover coal facilities. Dust compliance is measured against the current 1.5 mg/m3 standard; samples predating the 2014 standard are included, so compliance rates are a coarse historical signal.

Last sampled: 2026-04-21
99%
within 1.5 mg/m3
2,020
samples
2.46
dust max (mg/m3)
3
over MSHA ECV
ⓘ The excessive concentration value (ECV) is MSHA's own per-sample enforcement threshold, which builds in measurement uncertainty; a sample over its ECV can trigger a citation. The count covers only samples MSHA assigned an ECV.
1,453 samples taken by MSHA inspectors, 567 by the operator.
Most-sampled occupations
  • BULLDOZER OPERATOR608
  • HIGHWALL DRILL OPERATOR344
  • HIGHLIFT OPERATOR/FRONT END LOADER294

Silica (quartz)

Last sampled: 2026-04-13
12.6
silica avg (%)
121
samples
67.3
silica max (%)
Most-sampled occupations
  • BULLDOZER OPERATOR37
  • BLASTER/SHOOTER/SHOTFIRER25
  • COAL SAMPLER21
See US coal mines ranked by silica in their dust samples.

Noise
ⓘ The share counts noise samples whose measured dose exceeded the 90 dBA permissible exposure limit. It describes the sampled workplace, not what reached the miner's ear: hearing conservation programs and the hearing protection worn during the shift are recorded separately and are not reflected here.

Last sampled: 2025-10-06
1%
over PEL
690
samples
Most-sampled occupations
  • BULLDOZER OPERATOR170
  • HIGHLIFT OPERATOR/FRONT END LOADER158
  • REFUSE TRUCK DRIVER/BACKFILL TRUCK DRIVE131
See US mines ranked by noise samples over the legal limit.
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly.
When citations were contested
ⓘ Contesting a citation before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission is a lawful right. These figures state the public outcomes of that process, from MSHA's Contested Violations file.
327 citations taken to the federal commission · 21% of citations on record
  • Settled 327 · 100%
76%
S&S designation survived the contest
ⓘ Counts a Significant & Substantial citation as surviving when a settlement or judge's decision kept the designation, or the contest was dismissed or defaulted so the citation stands as issued. Vacated and withdrawn citations, and settlements that removed the designation, count against.
of 241 decided S&S contests · industry: 79%
64%
Penalty reduction in decided contests
$715K proposed, $258K after decisions · industry: 39%
Source: MSHA Contested Violations file (public record), updated weekly. A dismissed or defaulted contest leaves the citation standing as issued; a vacated or withdrawn citation is removed from the violation record. Latest contest filed 2023-12-10. Vacated and withdrawn citations are removed from the file this view attributes through, so that outcome is slightly undercounted here.
Contested penalties
ⓘ A reduction or dismissal at the Commission is a lawful outcome of contesting a proposed penalty. Figures are the proposed amount and the amount upheld in the docket's decision.
Largest penalties this controller contested before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, with the outcome on record.
Docket Decision Judge Year Proposed / upheld
VA 2009-99 Prevail Paez 2011 $140K → $32K
VA 2014-0422 Settlement Feldman 2016 $74K → $15K
VA 2012-399 Settlement Koutras 2013 $72K → $6K
VA 2014-0239 Prevail Feldman 2017 $58K → $17K
VA 2012-657 Settlement Lewis 2015 $48K → $20K
VA 2013-115 Settlement Feldman 2014 $18K → $12K
Source: FMSHRC civil penalty dockets and decisions (public record), updated weekly.

Top causes

Incident timeline

2025
1
2024
1
2023
3
2021
2
2020
3
2019
2
2018
4
2017
10
2016
7
2015
14
2014
11
2013
10
2012
9
2011
17
2010
15
2009
12
2008
6
2007
9
2006
14
2005
5
2004
16
2003
11
2002
16
2001
23
2000
19
1999
13
1998
24
1997
26
1996
13
1995
21
1994
12
1993
21
1992
13
1991
14
1990
18
1989
22
1988
17
1987
12
1985
2
1984
2
1983
2

Operators under this controller

Mines on record

For insurers, brokers, and safety consultants

Where William D Humphreys stands on silica, penalties, and injury rate

MSHA's standard limits respirable silica to 50 micrograms per cubic metre, but MSHA publishes dust and quartz as separate files and never the silica figure itself. We derive it per sample, score it against the limit, and set the operator's injury rate against a benchmark built from the full MSHA operator record. With the 26-year penalty trail, contest posture, and fatality history. Delivered as a PDF with the underlying data as CSV.

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