89% of proposed penalties paid to date, a $115,882 gap.
Source: MSHA violations data, updated weekly.
Labor enforcement (WHD)
US Labor Department wage findings since 2004
1
labor cases
1
employees affected
Source: US DOL Wage and Hour Division enforcement records, matched by employer name and state.
Inspection activity
MSHA inspections since 2000
2,308
inspections on record
53,499
inspection hours
7.1
citations per 100 inspection hours
ⓘThis rate is recorded citations divided by MSHA inspection hours, per 100 hours. It reflects inspection effort, not mine size or production.
3,774 citations across 53,499 inspection hours.
Source: MSHA inspections data, updated weekly.
Penalty disposition
ⓘDifferences between proposed and paid penalties reflect both settlements and conference reductions and amounts still owed. Outstanding is the balance currently owed.
$1.1M
proposed penalties
$939K
current assessed
$937K
paid to date
$2K
outstanding
3,723 assessments are final orders; 118 contested dockets.
Of $394K in penalties contested before the Commission, $259K was upheld in final decisions.
As of the most recent assessment on 2024-07-23.
Source: MSHA assessed-violations and conference/litigation data, updated weekly.
Violation severity profile
ⓘShares are computed over citations that carry the MSHA gravity and negligence coding; a small share of records are uncoded.
Source: MSHA violations gravity and negligence coding, updated weekly.
Injury rate, 2024
ⓘThis rate is reportable injury cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers per year, computed as 200,000 times cases divided by MSHA operator-reported employee-hours. Cases are injuries MSHA graded degree 01 through 07; accident-only events that hurt no one are excluded, and so are contractor injuries, whose hours do not attach to a single mine. Rates begin in 2000, when quarterly employment reporting starts, and are withheld below 20,000 hours in a year.
3.30
total case rate
1.24
days-away rate
0.000
fatality rate
Above average. The US metal and nonmetal mining average was 1.77 and the all-US-mining average was 2.08 cases per 100 workers.
Year
total case rate
days-away
fatal
2024
3.30
1.24
0.000
2023
1.98
0.59
0.000
2022
3.02
1.01
0.000
2021
2.28
1.45
0.000
2020
2.34
0.69
0.000
2019
2.40
0.92
0.000
2018
2.78
0.81
0.000
2017
2.34
0.57
0.000
Source: injury cases from MSHA accident and injury records; employee-hours from MSHA quarterly employment reports. Rate is cases per 100 full-time-equivalent workers, operator employees only.
Health sampling
ⓘA sample is a point in time compliance measurement, not an individual exposure history. These figures describe MSHA sampling records and do not establish causation or personal dose.
Metal and nonmetal contaminants (personal samples)
ⓘMany samples are screening measurements of substances with no applicable exposure limit; they are counted as samples but excluded from every over-limit figure. Over-limit shares use only limit-tested samples.
Last sampled: 2024-03-27
5%
of limit-tested samples over the exposure limit
1,683
samples
512
limit-tested
Most sampled contaminants
Quartz, respirable, >1% Qtz25923 over
Nuisance dust, total, <1% Qtz315 over
Respirable dust, <.1mg1,074
Unlisted Particulate, respirable, <1% Qtz66
Area samples (mill and shop air)
Last sampled: 2023-08-09, 3 years ago
7
samples
Source: MSHA respirable dust, quartz, and noise sampling records, updated weekly. Metal/nonmetal contaminant figures come from MSHA's Personal Health Samples and Area Samples files (public record), updated weekly.
When citations were contested
ⓘContesting a citation before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission is a lawful right. These figures state the public outcomes of that process, from MSHA's Contested Violations file.
221citations taken to the federal commission · 6% of citations on record
Settled
206 · 93%
Stood as issued
10 · 5%
Vacated or withdrawn
5 · 2%
63%
S&S designation survived the contest
ⓘCounts a Significant & Substantial citation as surviving when a settlement or judge's decision kept the designation, or the contest was dismissed or defaulted so the citation stands as issued. Vacated and withdrawn citations, and settlements that removed the designation, count against.
of 127 decided S&S contests · industry: 79%
31%
Penalty reduction in decided contests
$372K proposed, $258K after decisions · industry: 39%
Source: MSHA Contested Violations file (public record), updated weekly. A dismissed or defaulted contest leaves the citation standing as issued; a vacated or withdrawn citation is removed from the violation record. Latest contest filed 2022-02-07. Vacated and withdrawn citations are removed from the file this view attributes through, so that outcome is slightly undercounted here.
Contested penalties
ⓘA reduction or dismissal at the Commission is a lawful outcome of contesting a proposed penalty. Figures are the proposed amount and the amount upheld in the docket's decision.
Largest penalties this operator contested before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, with the outcome on record.
July 4, 2001NC · Metal/Non-Metaltruck driverFatality · POWERED HAULAGE
Unimin Corporation · Caught in, under or between a moving and a stationary object
AN APPARENT BRAKE MALFUNCTION CAUSED THE VICTIM TO EXIT THE CAB & WAS PULLED UNDER THE REAR WHEELS OR HE PARKED IT & CRAWLED UNDER THE BED TO CHECK A PROBLEM. EITHER SENARIO CAUSED THE VEHICLE TO ROLL OVER HIS BODY CRUSHING HIM TO DEATH. THERE WAS NO APPARENT DAMAGE TO THE TRUCK.
November 2, 1984IL · Metal/Non-Metallaborer, blacksmith, bull gang, parts runner, roustabout, pick-up man, pitmanFatality · MACHINERY
Covia Solutions Inc. · Drowning
WHILE THE DREDGING OF SETTLED PRODUCTS AT THE COMPANY S SETTLING/TAILING POND WAS BEING CONDUCTED, TWO DREDGE OPERATORS BECAME INVOLVED IN AN ACCIDENT WHEN THE DREDGE OVERTURNED. THE DREDGE WA S A FLOATING DREDGE AND WAS 8X28 FT LONG. DURING THE NIGHT SHIFT THERE HAD BEEN PROBLEMS WITH THE CABLE AND THE BOAT GENERALLY LEFT AT THE DREDGE HAD BEEN TAKEN BACK TO SHORE BY THE MAINTENAN
For insurers, brokers, and safety consultants
Where Covia Solutions Inc. stands on silica, penalties, and injury rate
MSHA's standard limits respirable silica to 50 micrograms per cubic metre, but MSHA publishes
dust and quartz as separate files and never the silica figure itself. We derive it per sample,
score it against the limit, and set the operator's injury rate against a benchmark built from
the full MSHA operator record. With the 26-year penalty trail, contest posture, and fatality
history. Delivered as a PDF with the underlying data as CSV.